{"id":3121,"date":"2025-09-02T05:36:23","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T05:36:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/?post_type=product&#038;p=3121"},"modified":"2025-09-16T06:36:05","modified_gmt":"2025-09-16T06:36:05","slug":"customizable-10kv-sh15-sh21-sh25-oil-immersed-amorphous-alloy-core-distribution-transformer","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/fr\/products\/customizable-10kv-sh15-sh21-sh25-oil-immersed-amorphous-alloy-core-distribution-transformer\/","title":{"rendered":"Transformateur de distribution \u00e0 noyau en alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9 dans l'huile, personnalisable, 10 kV, mod\u00e8les SH15\/SH21\/SH25"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"product-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3121\" class=\"elementor elementor-3121\" data-elementor-post-type=\"product\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11e38e9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"11e38e9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3df9cea e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"3df9cea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;start&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"64986346\" aria-label=\"Onglets. Ouvrez les \u00e9l\u00e9ments \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche Entr\u00e9e ou de la barre d&#039;espace, fermez-les avec la touche \u00c9chap et naviguez \u00e0 l&#039;aide des touches fl\u00e9ch\u00e9es.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-649863461\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-649863461\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tBr\u00e8ve pr\u00e9sentation\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-649863462\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-649863462\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tFonctionnalit\u00e9\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-649863463\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-649863463\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tStructure\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-649863464\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-649863464\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCaract\u00e9ristiques techniques\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-649863465\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-649863465\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tSch\u00e9ma\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-649863466\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-649863466\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 6;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tFAQ\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-649863461\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-649863461\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-63d4ba4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"63d4ba4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c97e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"76c97e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Br\u00e8ve pr\u00e9sentation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40fb5fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40fb5fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2160<\/strong><strong>.Br\u00e8ve pr\u00e9sentation<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>Normes : <\/strong><strong>IEC 60076, GB\/T 1094, GB\/T 25446-2010<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>Puissance nominale :<\/strong> 30 kVA - 2 500 kVA<\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>Tension primaire :<\/strong> 6 kV-11 kV<\/p><p><strong>4.<\/strong><strong>Tension secondaire :<\/strong> 0,4 kV ou selon les besoins<\/p><p><strong>5. Mode de r\u00e9gulation de tension :<\/strong> changement de prise hors circuit<\/p><p><strong>6. Fr\u00e9quence :<\/strong> 50 Hz ou 60 Hz<\/p><p><strong>7.<\/strong><strong>Type :<\/strong> Transformateur \u00e9lectrique triphas\u00e9<\/p><p><strong>8.<\/strong><strong>Type de connexion :<\/strong> Dyn11, Yyn0 ou selon les sp\u00e9cifications du client<\/p><p><strong>9. Indice d'isolation : <\/strong>A<\/p><p><strong>10. M\u00e9thode de refroidissement :<\/strong> ONAN<\/p><p><strong>\u2161<\/strong><strong>.Conditions de travail<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>Temp\u00e9rature ambiante :<\/strong> Pas plus de +40 \u00b0C, pas moins de -25 \u00b0C ; la temp\u00e9rature moyenne mensuelle ne d\u00e9passe pas +30 \u00b0C ; la temp\u00e9rature moyenne annuelle ne d\u00e9passe pas +20 \u00b0C<\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>Altitude :<\/strong> Pas plus de 1 000 m.<\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>Humidit\u00e9 relative de l'air :<\/strong>\u226490%<\/p><p><strong>4.<\/strong><strong>lieu d'installation :<\/strong> Pas de gaz corrosif, pas de salissures visibles<\/p><p><strong>5. Champ d'application :<\/strong> Son champ d'application concerne principalement les situations caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par des charges stables, de longues dur\u00e9es de fonctionnement et des exigences \u00e9lev\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re d'efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, telles que les r\u00e9seaux de distribution d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, les b\u00e2timents commerciaux et civils, les infrastructures de soutien aux \u00e9nergies nouvelles et d'autres domaines.<\/p><p><strong>\u2162<\/strong><strong>.Les essais sur les transformateurs \u00e0 huile<\/strong><\/p><p>Les types exp\u00e9rimentaux de transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe couvrent quatre axes principaux : les essais de performances de base, les essais de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de fiabilit\u00e9, les essais dans des conditions de fonctionnement particuli\u00e8res, ainsi que les essais sur les mat\u00e9riaux et les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s :<\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>Tests de performances de base<\/strong><\/p><p>Ce type d'exp\u00e9rience vise \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier si les performances \u00e9lectriques du noyau du transformateur sont conformes aux normes de conception ; il s'agit d'un maillon essentiel de la recherche et du d\u00e9veloppement des produits ainsi que du contr\u00f4le en usine.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Essais de perte \u00e0 vide et de courant \u00e0 vide<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Essais de perte de charge et d'imp\u00e9dance en court-circuit<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le du rapport de transformation et de la polarit\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Essais de r\u00e9sistance d'isolement et de perte di\u00e9lectrique<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>Essais de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de fiabilit\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p>Ce type d'essai porte sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des transformateurs dans des conditions extr\u00eames ou en fonctionnement \u00e0 long terme, ce qui constitue une exigence essentielle pour la mise au point d\u00e9finitive du produit et son raccordement au r\u00e9seau.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Essai de tenue en tension \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence du r\u00e9seau<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Essai de tenue \u00e0 la tension d'impulsion de foudre<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Essai de r\u00e9sistance aux courts-circuits<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Essai d'\u00e9l\u00e9vation de temp\u00e9rature<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>Essais portant sur les conditions de fonctionnement particuli\u00e8res et l'adaptabilit\u00e9 environnementale<\/strong><\/p><p>Des exp\u00e9riences cibl\u00e9es sont n\u00e9cessaires pour diff\u00e9rents sc\u00e9narios d'application (par exemple, les plateaux, les zones humides, les r\u00e9gions de haute altitude) ou pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des besoins sp\u00e9cifiques.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Essais d'adaptabilit\u00e9 environnementale<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Mesures acoustiques<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Essais de d\u00e9charges partielles<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>4.<\/strong><strong>Essais de v\u00e9rification des mat\u00e9riaux et des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p><p>Les performances des noyaux en alliages amorphes ont une incidence directe sur les caract\u00e9ristiques globales des transformateurs, ce qui n\u00e9cessite de soumettre les mat\u00e9riaux et les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s de fabrication \u00e0 des essais sp\u00e9cifiques.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Essais de performance sur des bandes d'alliages amorphes<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Essais du processus d'enroulement du noyau<\/strong><\/p><p>Les mod\u00e8les exp\u00e9rimentaux de transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe doivent trouver un \u00e9quilibre entre performances \u00e9lectriques, s\u00e9curit\u00e9, fiabilit\u00e9, adaptabilit\u00e9 environnementale et proc\u00e9d\u00e9s de fabrication, en couvrant l'ensemble du processus, de la recherche et du d\u00e9veloppement jusqu'\u00e0 la livraison en usine. Parmi ces aspects, les essais de pertes \u00e0 vide, de r\u00e9sistance aux courts-circuits, d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation de temp\u00e9rature et de performances du mat\u00e9riau du noyau constituent des \u00e9l\u00e9ments cl\u00e9s qui les distinguent des transformateurs traditionnels, d\u00e9terminant directement leurs avantages en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9conomies d\u2019\u00e9nergie et leur stabilit\u00e9 de fonctionnement.<\/p><p><strong>\u2163.<\/strong><strong>Inspection des composants de transformateurs en alliage amorphe<\/strong><\/p><p>Les transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe sont largement utilis\u00e9s dans les r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques en raison de leurs avantages, tels que leurs faibles pertes et leur rendement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. L'inspection de ces \u00e9quipements porte sur plusieurs composants essentiels, notamment les noyaux de fer, les enroulements, les r\u00e9servoirs d'huile, les syst\u00e8mes d'isolation et les syst\u00e8mes de refroidissement.<\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le du noyau en fer<\/strong><\/p><p>Le noyau en alliage amorphe de fer constitue le \u201c c\u0153ur \u201d du transformateur, et ses performances ont une incidence directe sur les pertes et le rendement de ce dernier. Les principaux points \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier sont les suivants :<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de la qualit\u00e9 de l'aspect<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de la pr\u00e9cision dimensionnelle<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le des pertes de fer<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de la r\u00e9partition de la densit\u00e9 de flux magn\u00e9tique<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2464<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le qualit\u00e9 du recuit<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le du bobinage<\/strong><\/p><p>Les enroulements constituent les composants essentiels du transformateur pour assurer la conversion de l'\u00e9nergie \u00e9lectrique ; il convient donc d'accorder une attention particuli\u00e8re \u00e0 leurs performances \u00e9lectriques et \u00e0 leur r\u00e9sistance m\u00e9canique :<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de la r\u00e9sistance en courant continu<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de la r\u00e9sistance d'isolement<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le du facteur de perte di\u00e9lectrique (tan\u03b4)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Essai de tension de tenue en courant alternatif<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2464<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le des d\u00e9charges partielles<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2465<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de la r\u00e9sistance m\u00e9canique<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>Inspection des r\u00e9servoirs de p\u00e9trole et des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de structure<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de l'aspect et de l'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le des dimensions et des d\u00e9formations<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de la r\u00e9sistance structurelle<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>4.<\/strong><strong>Inspection du syst\u00e8me d'isolation<\/strong><\/p><p>Le syst\u00e8me d'isolation est essentiel pour garantir le fonctionnement en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du transformateur ; il comprend l'isolation solide (telle que le papier isolant et le carton isolant) et l'isolation liquide (telle que l'huile de transformateur) :<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de l'isolation solide<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de l'huile des transformateurs<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>5.<\/strong><strong>Inspection du syst\u00e8me de refroidissement<\/strong><\/p><p>Les performances du syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ont une incidence directe sur l'efficacit\u00e9 de la dissipation thermique du transformateur. Les points \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier sont les suivants :<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Inspection du radiateur \/ du refroidisseur<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le du ventilateur et de la pompe \u00e0 huile<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le des dispositifs de r\u00e9gulation de la temp\u00e9rature<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2164<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>Certificat : <\/strong>CE, UL, ISO, SGS, CCC<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-649863462\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-649863462\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e2154e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2e2154e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f27574 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0f27574\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Caract\u00e9ristiques structurelles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f30b232 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f30b232\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2160.<\/strong><strong>Caract\u00e9ristiques du produit<\/strong><\/p><p>Les transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe constituent un type de transformateur de puissance dont le noyau est constitu\u00e9 d\u2019alliages amorphes. Les alliages amorphes sont obtenus par refroidissement direct d'alliages m\u00e9talliques en fusion jusqu'\u00e0 l'\u00e9tat solide gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une technologie de solidification rapide (avec une vitesse de refroidissement pouvant atteindre un million de degr\u00e9s Celsius par seconde), ce qui donne une structure amorphe caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par un agencement atomique d\u00e9sordonn\u00e9. Les caract\u00e9ristiques de leur noyau d\u00e9terminent directement les performances du transformateur :<\/p><p>1. Faibles pertes par hyst\u00e9r\u00e9sis : en raison de la disposition atomique d\u00e9sordonn\u00e9e des alliages amorphes, la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la rotation et au d\u00e9placement des domaines lors de la magn\u00e9tisation est extr\u00eamement faible. La surface de la boucle d'hyst\u00e9r\u00e9sis est bien plus petite que celle des t\u00f4les d'acier au silicium (seulement 1\/5 \u00e0 1\/10 de celle des t\u00f4les d'acier au silicium traditionnelles), ce qui constitue la principale raison de son rendement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/p><p>2. Perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 magn\u00e9tique \u00e9lev\u00e9e : il est possible d'obtenir une magn\u00e9tisation \u00e9lev\u00e9e sous des champs magn\u00e9tiques faibles, ce qui r\u00e9duit le courant d'excitation et diminue les pertes \u00e0 vide.<\/p><p>3. Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques : les alliages amorphes pr\u00e9sentent une duret\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e (environ 2 \u00e0 3 fois sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle des t\u00f4les d'acier au silicium), mais ils sont tr\u00e8s fragiles et ont tendance \u00e0 se fragmenter lors de leur mise en \u0153uvre. C'est pourquoi le noyau est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement fabriqu\u00e9 selon un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 d'enroulement plut\u00f4t que sous forme de structure lamin\u00e9e.<\/p><p>4. R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion : un film d'oxyde naturel se forme \u00e0 la surface, offrant une meilleure r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion que l'acier au silicium ordinaire et r\u00e9duisant le risque de rouille du noyau.<\/p><p><strong>II.<\/strong><strong>Produit <\/strong><strong>Avantages<\/strong><\/p><p>Avantages des transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe :<\/p><p>1. Pertes \u00e0 vide extr\u00eamement faibles : les pertes \u00e0 vide des transformateurs \u00e0 noyau en alliage amorphe sont r\u00e9duites d'environ 70% \u00e0 80% par rapport \u00e0 celles des transformateurs traditionnels \u00e0 t\u00f4les d'acier au silicium. Par exemple, les pertes \u00e0 vide d\u2019un transformateur \u00e0 alliage amorphe de 10 kV et 500 kVA sont d\u2019environ 300 W, tandis que celles d\u2019un transformateur \u00e0 t\u00f4les d\u2019acier au silicium de m\u00eame classe sont d\u2019environ 1 200 W \u00e0 1 500 W.<\/p><p>2. Adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 une utilisation \u00e0 faible charge : dans les zones o\u00f9 la charge du r\u00e9seau est faible, telles que les zones rurales et les banlieues, les \u00e9conomies d'\u00e9nergie sont particuli\u00e8rement importantes. Une utilisation \u00e0 long terme permet de r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement les d\u00e9penses d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p><p>3. Faible courant \u00e0 vide : il est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement inf\u00e9rieur de plus de 50% \u00e0 celui des transformateurs \u00e0 t\u00f4les de silicium, ce qui r\u00e9duit les pertes en puissance r\u00e9active du r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique et contribue \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer le facteur de puissance du r\u00e9seau.<\/p><p>4. Niveau sonore l\u00e9g\u00e8rement inf\u00e9rieur : en raison du coefficient de magn\u00e9tostriction plus faible des alliages amorphes, le niveau sonore en fonctionnement est inf\u00e9rieur de 3 dB \u00e0 5 dB \u00e0 celui des transformateurs traditionnels, ce qui les rend plus adapt\u00e9s aux zones sensibles au bruit (telles que les zones r\u00e9sidentielles et les h\u00f4pitaux).<\/p><p>5. Structure compacte : le noyau pr\u00e9sente une structure enroul\u00e9e, et son volume est \u00e9quivalent, voire l\u00e9g\u00e8rement inf\u00e9rieur, \u00e0 celui d'un transformateur \u00e0 t\u00f4les de silicium de m\u00eame puissance, ce qui facilite son installation et son agencement.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-649863463\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-649863463\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-764f307 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"764f307\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9872304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9872304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Structure du produit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1b2cc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b1b2cc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe \u00e0 bain d'huile sont des \u00e9quipements \u00e9lectriques \u00e0 haut rendement et \u00e9conomes en \u00e9nergie. Leur principal atout r\u00e9side dans l'utilisation de mat\u00e9riaux de noyau en alliage amorphe, qui se caract\u00e9risent par de faibles pertes et une perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 magn\u00e9tique \u00e9lev\u00e9e.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5474a64 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5474a64\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24a71fc elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24a71fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2160.<\/strong><strong>Processus de fabrication de base<\/strong><\/p><p>Le noyau est un composant essentiel qui d\u00e9termine les performances \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques du transformateur. Les bandes d'alliage amorphe \u00e9tant tr\u00e8s fragiles et susceptibles de se casser facilement, le processus de fabrication doit \u00eatre d'une pr\u00e9cision extr\u00eame.<\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>D\u00e9coupe en bandes<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>Enroulement du noyau (ou laminage)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>Traitement de recuit<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>4.<\/strong><strong>Durcissement et finition du noyau<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4144565 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4144565\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d5efec elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4d5efec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_1000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-1024x574.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4633\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_1000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-1024x574.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_1000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_1000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_1000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-600x337.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_1000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px.png 1312w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-316f71b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"316f71b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a64ba5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5a64ba5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_2000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4637\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_2000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_2000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_2000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_2000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_2000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-415ab2d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"415ab2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>II.<\/strong><strong>Proc\u00e9d\u00e9 de fabrication d'enroulements<\/strong><\/p><p>L'enroulement est le composant conducteur du transformateur ; il doit r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des exigences en mati\u00e8re de r\u00e9sistance d'isolement, de r\u00e9sistance m\u00e9canique et de dissipation thermique.<\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>Pr\u00e9traitement des conducteurs<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>S\u00e9chage et durcissement des enroulements<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le de l'isolation des enroulements<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a0ed7f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3a0ed7f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c7e7b3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8c7e7b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2162.<\/strong><strong>Processus d'assemblage du noyau<\/strong><\/p><p>L'assemblage du noyau constitue une \u00e9tape cruciale dans l'int\u00e9gration du noyau, des enroulements et des composants associ\u00e9s en un ensemble coh\u00e9rent. Il est indispensable de garantir un positionnement pr\u00e9cis des composants et une isolation fiable.<\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>Ensemble noyau et bobinage<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>Connexion au plomb<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>S\u00e9chage du noyau<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>4.<\/strong><strong>Inspection g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du noyau<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8418c8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e8418c8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b4fa40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6b4fa40\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_3000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4646\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_3000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_3000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_3000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_3000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_3000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db9ebd4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db9ebd4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c75ed8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0c75ed8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_4000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4647\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_4000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_4000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_4000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_4000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_4000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61c2596 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"61c2596\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2163.<\/strong><strong>Assemblage du r\u00e9servoir d'huile et proc\u00e9dure de remplissage d'huile<\/strong><\/p><p>Le r\u00e9servoir d'huile constitue l'enveloppe ext\u00e9rieure du transformateur ; il doit assurer les fonctions d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9, de dissipation thermique et de protection m\u00e9canique.<\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>Pr\u00e9traitement des r\u00e9servoirs d'huile<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>Installation des accessoires<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>Mise en place du noyau dans le r\u00e9servoir<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>4.<\/strong><strong>Remplissage d'huile sous vide<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>5.<\/strong><strong>D\u00e9tection des joints<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fc33e8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5fc33e8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4652b00 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4652b00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2164.<\/strong><strong>Contr\u00f4le des produits finis et processus de fabrication<\/strong><\/p><p>Une fois la fabrication du transformateur termin\u00e9e, des essais rigoureux sont n\u00e9cessaires pour v\u00e9rifier si ses performances sont conformes aux normes.<\/p><p><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>Examens de routine<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>Essais de type (r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par \u00e9chantillonnage)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>Pr\u00e9sentation et emballage<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c25d91 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1c25d91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_5000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-2-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4648\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_5000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-2-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_5000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-2-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_5000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-2-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_5000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-2-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_5000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px-2.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-649863464\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-649863464\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-265fa39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"265fa39\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73d198a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"73d198a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Caract\u00e9ristiques techniques<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de4a9c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"de4a9c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accord\u00e9on. Ouvrez les liens \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche Entr\u00e9e ou de la barre d&#039;espace, fermez-les \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche \u00c9chap et naviguez \u00e0 l&#039;aide des touches fl\u00e9ch\u00e9es.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Transformateur de distribution \u00e0 noyau en alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9 dans l'huile, personnalisable, de 10 kV, mod\u00e8les SH15\/SH21\/SH25 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf0179b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bf0179b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f85fed elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"0f85fed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n.table-responsive {\r\n  width: 100%;\r\n  overflow-x: auto; \/* \u5c0f\u5c4f\u5e55\u53ef\u6a2a\u5411\u6eda\u52a8 *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* \u8868\u683c\u57fa\u7840\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n.tg  {\r\n  border-collapse: collapse;\r\n  border-spacing: 0;\r\n  min-width: 800px; \/* \u9632\u6b62\u8868\u683c\u88ab\u538b\u7f29\u5f97\u592a\u5c0f *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n.tg td, .tg th {\r\n  border-color: black;\r\n  border-style: solid;\r\n  border-width: 1px;\r\n  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\r\n  font-size: 14px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n  padding: 10px 5px;\r\n  text-align: center;\r\n  vertical-align: top;\r\n  word-break: normal;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.tg th {\r\n  font-weight: normal;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.tg .tg-4fhu {\r\n  background-color: #FFF;\r\n  color: #212529;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* \u5e73\u677f\u9002\u914d *\/\r\n@media (max-width: 1024px) {\r\n  .tg td, .tg th {\r\n    font-size: 13px;\r\n    padding: 8px 4px;\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* \u624b\u673a\u9002\u914d *\/\r\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\r\n  .tg td, .tg th {\r\n    font-size: 12px;\r\n    padding: 6px 3px;\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"table-responsive\">\r\n<table class=\"tg\">\r\n<thead>\r\n  <tr>\r\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n.tg  {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;}\r\n.tg td{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;\r\n  overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;}\r\n.tg th{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;\r\n  font-weight:normal;overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;}\r\n.tg .tg-baqh{text-align:center;vertical-align:top}\r\n.tg .tg-wa1i{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}\r\n.tg .tg-nrix{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<table class=\"tg\"><thead>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\" rowspan=\"2\">Capacit\u00e9 nominale<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\" rowspan=\"2\">H.V.<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\" rowspan=\"2\">L.V.<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\" rowspan=\"2\">Symbole de connexion<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\" colspan=\"3\">Perte \u00e0 vide (W)<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\" colspan=\"3\">Perte en charge (W)<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\" rowspan=\"2\">Imp\u00e9dance de court-circuit<\/th>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\">S15<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\">S21<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\">S25<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\">S15<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\">S21<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-wa1i\">S25<\/th>\r\n  <\/tr><\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">30<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\" rowspan=\"19\">6<br><br><br>6.3<br><br><br>10<br><br><br>10.5<br><br><br>11<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\" rowspan=\"19\">0.4<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\" rowspan=\"19\">Dyn11<br><br><br><br><br>Yyn0<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">33<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">33<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">25<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">630\/660<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">535\/510<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">510\/480<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\" rowspan=\"12\">4<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">50<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">43<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">43<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">35<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">910\/870<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">780\/745<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">735\/700<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">63<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">50<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">50<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">40<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">1090\/1040<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">930\/890<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">880\/840<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">80<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">60<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">60<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">50<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">1310\/1250<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">1120\/1070<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">1060\/1010<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">100<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">75<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">75<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">60<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">1580\/1500<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">1350\/1285<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">1270\/1215<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">125<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">85<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">85<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">70<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">1890\/1800<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">1615\/1540<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">1530\/1450<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">160<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">100<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">100<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">80<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">2310\/2200<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">1975\/1880<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">1870\/1780<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">200<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">120<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">120<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">95<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">2730\/2600<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">2330\/2225<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">2210\/2100<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">250<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">140<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">140<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">110<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">3200\/3050<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">2735\/2610<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">2590\/2470<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">315<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">170<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">170<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">135<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">3830\/3650<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">3275\/3120<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">3100\/2950<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">400<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">200<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">200<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">160<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">4520\/4300<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">3865\/3675<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">3660\/3480<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">500<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">240<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">240<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">190<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">5410\/5150<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">4625\/4400<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-baqh\">4380\/4170<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">630<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">320<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">320<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">250<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">6200<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">5300<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">5020<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\" rowspan=\"5\">4.5<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">800<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">380<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">380<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">300<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">7500<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">6415<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">6075<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">1000<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">450<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">450<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">360<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">10300<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">8800<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">8340<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">1250<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">530<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">530<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">425<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">12000<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">10260<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">9720<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">1600<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">630<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">630<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">500<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">14500<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">12400<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">11745<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">2000<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">720<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">710<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">550<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">18300<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">14800<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">14000<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\" rowspan=\"2\">5<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">2500<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">865<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">860<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">670<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">21200<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">16300<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-nrix\">15450<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table>   \r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-649863465\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-649863465\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53e5531 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"53e5531\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd32b31 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bd32b31\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c595837 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c595837\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"819\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/04-10-0.4-50-630kva-2-1024x819.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4849\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/04-10-0.4-50-630kva-2-1024x819.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/04-10-0.4-50-630kva-2-300x240.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/04-10-0.4-50-630kva-2-768x614.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/04-10-0.4-50-630kva-2-1536x1229.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/04-10-0.4-50-630kva-2-600x480.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/04-10-0.4-50-630kva-2.webp 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8acb507 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8acb507\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"819\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/05-10-0.4-800kva-1600kva-2-1024x819.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4850\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/05-10-0.4-800kva-1600kva-2-1024x819.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/05-10-0.4-800kva-1600kva-2-300x240.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/05-10-0.4-800kva-1600kva-2-768x614.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/05-10-0.4-800kva-1600kva-2-1536x1229.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/05-10-0.4-800kva-1600kva-2-600x480.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/05-10-0.4-800kva-1600kva-2.webp 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c56472 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1c56472\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"819\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\u4ee5\u4e0a-2-1024x819.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4851\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\u4ee5\u4e0a-2-1024x819.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\u4ee5\u4e0a-2-300x240.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\u4ee5\u4e0a-2-768x614.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\u4ee5\u4e0a-2-1536x1229.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\u4ee5\u4e0a-2-600x480.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.ketetransformer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\u4ee5\u4e0a-2.webp 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-649863466\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-649863466\" data-tab-index=\"6\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 6;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a681f0e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a681f0e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11bf213 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"11bf213\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">     Foire aux questions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-692e57a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"692e57a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2160. Service d'entretien de base<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d080af3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"d080af3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accord\u00e9on. Ouvrez les liens \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche Entr\u00e9e ou de la barre d&#039;espace, fermez-les \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche \u00c9chap et naviguez \u00e0 l&#039;aide des touches fl\u00e9ch\u00e9es.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2180\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2180\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 1. Quelles sont la tension nominale et la puissance nominale du transformateur \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9 dans l'huile de marque Kete ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2180\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05eeb49 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"05eeb49\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d60b237 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d60b237\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Tension primaire (c\u00f4t\u00e9 haute tension) : <\/strong>Leur tension varie g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre 1 kV et 66 kV, les valeurs nominales courantes \u00e9tant notamment 6 kV, 10 kV, 11 kV, 20 kV, 33 kV, 34,5 kV et 35 kV.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Tension secondaire (c\u00f4t\u00e9 basse tension) : <\/strong>Les tensions nominales secondaires courantes sont notamment les suivantes :<\/p><p>\u00b7400 V (0,4 kV) pour l'alimentation industrielle et r\u00e9sidentielle<\/p><p>\u00b711 kV ou 33 kV<\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Personnalisation : <\/strong>Les transformateurs peuvent \u00eatre con\u00e7us pour des applications sp\u00e9cifiques. Si vous avez des exigences particuli\u00e8res en mati\u00e8re de puissance ou de tension, nous pouvons concevoir et personnaliser des transformateurs sur mesure afin de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 vos besoins.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2181\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2181\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 2. Quel type de syst\u00e8me de refroidissement utilise le transformateur Kete \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9 dans l'huile ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2181\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b6bfdb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9b6bfdb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e23d10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e23d10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9s dans l'huile de type Kete utilisent principalement deux m\u00e9thodes de refroidissement courantes : ONAN et ONAF.<\/p><p>\u2460<strong>Champ d'application de l'ONAN<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Transformateurs de faible puissance<\/strong><\/p><p>Capacit\u00e9 d'application typique : g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement utilis\u00e9 pour les transformateurs de la classe 10 kV d'une puissance inf\u00e9rieure ou \u00e9gale \u00e0 500 kVA, et de la classe 35 kV d'une puissance inf\u00e9rieure ou \u00e9gale \u00e0 1 000 kVA.<\/p><p>Raison : les transformateurs de faible puissance pr\u00e9sentent de faibles pertes (faible production de chaleur) et la dissipation naturelle de la chaleur permet de respecter les exigences en mati\u00e8re d'\u00e9l\u00e9vation de temp\u00e9rature, tout en offrant une structure simple et un faible co\u00fbt.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Sc\u00e9narios impliquant un environnement d'installation peu structur\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p>Convient aux espaces ext\u00e9rieurs ouverts, aux locaux de distribution int\u00e9rieurs bien ventil\u00e9s ou aux zones o\u00f9 la temp\u00e9rature ambiante est basse.<\/p><p>En cas d'installation dans des espaces clos (tels que des sous-sols), une \u00e9valuation suppl\u00e9mentaire des conditions de dissipation thermique est n\u00e9cessaire, et il peut s'av\u00e9rer n\u00e9cessaire d'am\u00e9liorer le syst\u00e8me de refroidissement.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Transformateurs \u00e0 faible taux de charge ou \u00e0 fonctionnement intermittent<\/strong><\/p><p>Pour les transformateurs fonctionnant longtemps \u00e0 faible charge (taux de charge &lt; 50%), la capacit\u00e9 de dissipation thermique de l&#039;ONAN est suffisante, ce qui \u00e9vite le gaspillage d&#039;\u00e9nergie li\u00e9 au refroidissement forc\u00e9.<\/p><p>\u2461<strong>Champ d'application de l'ONAF<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Transformateurs de moyenne et grande capacit\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p>Capacit\u00e9 d'application type : classe 10 kV \u00e0 partir de 800 kVA, classe 35 kV \u00e0 partir de 1 600 kVA pour les transformateurs de petite et moyenne puissance.<\/p><p>Raison : les transformateurs de moyenne et grande capacit\u00e9 pr\u00e9sentent des pertes \u00e9lev\u00e9es (importantes pertes dans le cuivre et dans le fer) ; la dissipation thermique naturelle ne permettant pas de respecter la limite d'\u00e9l\u00e9vation de temp\u00e9rature, il est n\u00e9cessaire d'utiliser des ventilateurs pour favoriser la dissipation thermique.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Transformateurs \u00e0 taux de charge \u00e9lev\u00e9 ou \u00e0 fonctionnement continu<\/strong><\/p><p>Convient aux situations impliquant un fonctionnement \u00e0 pleine charge sur le long terme ou d'importantes fluctuations de charge (n\u00e9cessitant de supporter des surcharges de courte dur\u00e9e), telles que les transformateurs principaux dans les installations industrielles et les transformateurs de raccordement dans les r\u00e9seaux de distribution urbains.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Environnements pr\u00e9sentant des conditions de dissipation thermique limit\u00e9es<\/strong><\/p><p>Si le transformateur est install\u00e9 dans un environnement int\u00e9rieur mal ventil\u00e9 ou dans des zones o\u00f9 la temp\u00e9rature ambiante est \u00e9lev\u00e9e (comme les r\u00e9gions tropicales), l'ONAF peut pallier l'insuffisance de la dissipation thermique naturelle gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un refroidissement par air forc\u00e9, \u00e9vitant ainsi une temp\u00e9rature excessive de l'huile qui pourrait nuire \u00e0 sa dur\u00e9e de vie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2182\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2182\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 3. Comment le syst\u00e8me de refroidissement du transformateur \u00e0 alliage amorphe \u00e0 bain d'huile Kete influe-t-il sur ses performances dans diff\u00e9rentes conditions climatiques ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2182\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb6a4dc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eb6a4dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f1cf45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f1cf45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L'impact des syst\u00e8mes de refroidissement ONAN (refroidissement \u00e0 l'air naturel en immersion d'huile) et ONAF (refroidissement \u00e0 air forc\u00e9 en immersion d'huile) des transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9s dans l'huile de Kete sur leurs performances dans diff\u00e9rentes conditions climatiques est le suivant :<\/p><p>\u2460<strong>Impact d'un climat caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAN :<\/strong> Lorsque la temp\u00e9rature ambiante d\u00e9passe 40 \u00b0C, l'efficacit\u00e9 de dissipation thermique du syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAN diminue consid\u00e9rablement, pouvant chuter jusqu'\u00e0 environ 60%. Cela s'explique par le fait que les temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es r\u00e9duisent la viscosit\u00e9 de l'huile, ce qui affaiblit sa fluidit\u00e9 et diminue ainsi l'efficacit\u00e9 de la dissipation thermique par convection naturelle. \u00c0 ce stade, la temp\u00e9rature des enroulements du transformateur augmente rapidement, ce qui acc\u00e9l\u00e8re le vieillissement de l\u2019isolation. Selon la loi d\u2019Arrhenius, la dur\u00e9e de vie de l\u2019isolation est r\u00e9duite de moiti\u00e9 pour chaque augmentation de temp\u00e9rature de 8 \u00b0C. Par ailleurs, les temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es entra\u00eenent une diminution de la perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 magn\u00e9tique des t\u00f4les d\u2019acier au silicium et une augmentation des pertes par courants de Foucault, ce qui r\u00e9duit le rendement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. Il peut s\u2019av\u00e9rer n\u00e9cessaire de r\u00e9duire la puissance nominale du transformateur ; dans le cas contraire, il existe des risques de d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de l\u2019isolation et d\u2019incendie.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAF :<\/strong> Dans les environnements \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature, l'efficacit\u00e9 de refroidissement des ventilateurs du syst\u00e8me ONAF diminue. Bien que la dissipation thermique puisse \u00eatre am\u00e9lior\u00e9e par l'ajout d'\u00e9quipements de refroidissement auxiliaires, les performances globales s'en trouvent tout de m\u00eame affect\u00e9es dans une certaine mesure. Toutefois, par rapport au syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAN, le syst\u00e8me ONAF, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la dissipation active de la chaleur par les ventilateurs, offre un meilleur rendement de dissipation thermique dans les m\u00eames conditions de temp\u00e9rature \u00e9lev\u00e9e. Il permet de mieux contr\u00f4ler la temp\u00e9rature des enroulements du transformateur et de retarder le vieillissement de l\u2019isolation.<\/p><p>\u2461<strong>Impact du climat de basse temp\u00e9rature<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAN :<\/strong> Dans des environnements \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature, notamment lorsque les temp\u00e9ratures sont inf\u00e9rieures \u00e0 -30 \u00b0C, la viscosit\u00e9 de l\u2019huile de transformateur augmente fortement, ce qui entra\u00eene une r\u00e9sistance accrue \u00e0 la circulation. Cela peut entra\u00eener un ralentissement de la dissipation thermique, voire la solidification de l\u2019huile (le point d\u2019\u00e9coulement de l\u2019huile de transformateur est d\u2019environ -45 \u00b0C). De plus, l'eau dissoute dans l'huile peut se transformer en cristaux de glace en suspension, augmentant ainsi le risque de d\u00e9charges partielles. Lors d'un d\u00e9marrage \u00e0 froid, les contraintes m\u00e9caniques peuvent provoquer la fissuration des soudures ou de l'isolation en raison de la fragilit\u00e9 des mat\u00e9riaux. Par cons\u00e9quent, \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures extr\u00eamement basses, un pr\u00e9chauffage \u00e0 une temp\u00e9rature sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 0 \u00b0C est n\u00e9cessaire avant la mise en service.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAF :<\/strong> Dans les environnements \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature, outre le probl\u00e8me de l'augmentation de la viscosit\u00e9 de l'huile, similaire \u00e0 celui rencontr\u00e9 avec ONAN, le syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAF est \u00e9galement expos\u00e9 au risque de givrage des ventilateurs. Cela peut nuire au bon fonctionnement des ventilateurs et r\u00e9duire encore davantage l'efficacit\u00e9 de la dissipation thermique.<\/p><p>\u2462<strong>Impact d'un climat caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par une forte humidit\u00e9 et des projections de sel<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAN :<\/strong> Dans les environnements \u00e0 forte humidit\u00e9, o\u00f9 le taux d'humidit\u00e9 d\u00e9passe 90%, la teneur en humidit\u00e9 du papier isolant augmente, ce qui entra\u00eene une diminution de la rigidit\u00e9 di\u00e9lectrique d'environ 30% et r\u00e9duit les performances d'isolation du transformateur. Dans les environnements soumis au brouillard salin, les jonctions des enroulements subissent de la corrosion, ce qui augmente la r\u00e9sistance de contact et entra\u00eene une surchauffe locale, affectant ainsi le fonctionnement normal et la dur\u00e9e de vie du transformateur.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAF :<\/strong> Les climats caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par une forte humidit\u00e9 et des embruns salins affectent le syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAF de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que le syst\u00e8me ONAN, entra\u00eenant principalement une d\u00e9gradation des performances d'isolation et la corrosion des composants. Cependant, le syst\u00e8me de refroidissement ONAF comportant des composants rotatifs tels que des ventilateurs, il convient, dans les environnements tr\u00e8s humides, d'accorder une attention particuli\u00e8re \u00e0 la pr\u00e9vention de probl\u00e8mes tels que les courts-circuits provoqu\u00e9s par l'humidit\u00e9 dans les moteurs des ventilateurs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2183\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2183\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 4. Quel est le principal crit\u00e8re permettant de choisir entre les m\u00e9thodes de refroidissement ONAN et ONAF pour les transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9s dans l'huile de type \u00ab kete \u00bb ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2183\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8566f20 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8566f20\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6f876c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d6f876c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le choix entre les m\u00e9thodes de refroidissement ONAN (circulation naturelle de l'huile et refroidissement naturel par air) et ONAF (circulation naturelle de l'huile et refroidissement forc\u00e9 par air) pour les transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9s dans l'huile de la gamme Kete repose essentiellement sur l'ad\u00e9quation entre les besoins en dissipation thermique du transformateur et les conditions r\u00e9elles de dissipation thermique. Plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, ce choix peut \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re exhaustive \u00e0 partir des cinq crit\u00e8res cl\u00e9s suivants :<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Puissance nominale d'un transformateur et production de chaleur due aux pertes<\/strong><\/p><p>C'est le principe fondamental. La chaleur g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par un transformateur provient principalement des pertes dans le cuivre (pertes en charge) et des pertes dans le fer (pertes \u00e0 vide). Plus la puissance est \u00e9lev\u00e9e, plus les pertes sont importantes et plus les besoins en dissipation thermique sont \u00e9lev\u00e9s :<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Transformateurs de faible puissance (\u00e0 faibles pertes) :<\/strong><\/p><p>Lorsque la puissance nominale est faible (par exemple, \u2264 500 kVA pour la classe 10 kV, \u2264 1 000 kVA pour la classe 35 kV), la chaleur g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par les pertes est faible. La chaleur peut \u00eatre dissip\u00e9e par la convection naturelle de l\u2019huile du transformateur (l\u2019huile chaude monte, l\u2019huile froide descend) et par la convection naturelle entre le carter\/radiateur et l\u2019air, sans qu\u2019il soit n\u00e9cessaire de recourir \u00e0 un \u00e9quipement de refroidissement suppl\u00e9mentaire. C\u2019est pourquoi le mode ONAN est privil\u00e9gi\u00e9.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Transformateurs de moyenne et grande capacit\u00e9 (\u00e0 pertes \u00e9lev\u00e9es) :<\/strong><\/p><p>Lorsque la puissance d\u00e9passe la plage indiqu\u00e9e ci-dessus (par exemple, \u2265 800 kVA pour la classe 10 kV, \u2265 1 600 kVA pour la classe 35 kV), les pertes augmentent consid\u00e9rablement et le taux de dissipation thermique naturel ne suffit plus \u00e0 compenser la production de chaleur. Cela peut entra\u00eener un d\u00e9passement des limites fix\u00e9es par les normes nationales en mati\u00e8re de temp\u00e9rature de l\u2019huile (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, une \u00e9l\u00e9vation maximale de la temp\u00e9rature de l\u2019huile \u2264 55 K ou 60 K). Dans de tels cas, il est n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019utiliser des ventilateurs pour forcer la circulation de l\u2019air et acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la dissipation thermique ; c\u2019est pourquoi on opte pour un ONAF.<\/p><p>\u2461<strong>Caract\u00e9ristiques de charge en service<\/strong><\/p><p>Le taux de charge r\u00e9el et le mode de fonctionnement du transformateur ont une incidence directe sur les exigences en mati\u00e8re de dissipation thermique :<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Faible taux de charge ou fonctionnement intermittent :<\/strong><\/p><p>Si le transformateur fonctionne \u00e0 faible charge pendant une longue p\u00e9riode (taux de charge &lt; 50%) ou s&#039;il ne fonctionne que pendant de br\u00e8ves p\u00e9riodes de pointe (par exemple, les transformateurs de distribution en milieu rural), m\u00eame si sa capacit\u00e9 est l\u00e9g\u00e8rement sup\u00e9rieure, la production de chaleur r\u00e9elle reste faible. La capacit\u00e9 naturelle de dissipation thermique de l\u2019ONAN permet de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande, et il n\u2019est pas n\u00e9cessaire de gaspiller de l\u2019\u00e9nergie avec des ventilateurs. C\u2019est donc l\u2019ONAN qui est retenu.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Taux de charge \u00e9lev\u00e9 ou fonctionnement continu \u00e0 pleine charge :<\/strong><\/p><p>Pour les transformateurs situ\u00e9s dans les parcs industriels, les r\u00e9seaux de distribution urbains centraux et d\u2019autres \u00e9quipements fonctionnant \u00e0 pleine charge pendant de longues p\u00e9riodes ou soumis \u00e0 d\u2019importantes fluctuations de charge (n\u00e9cessitant de faire face \u00e0 des surcharges de courte dur\u00e9e), la production de chaleur reste \u00e9lev\u00e9e. Le syst\u00e8me ONAN ne permet pas de r\u00e9pondre aux exigences en mati\u00e8re de dissipation thermique ; le refroidissement par air forc\u00e9 de l\u2019ONAF, assur\u00e9 par des ventilateurs, est donc n\u00e9cessaire. M\u00eame en cas de surcharge, les ventilateurs permettent d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la capacit\u00e9 de dissipation thermique (prenant g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement en charge des surcharges de courte dur\u00e9e comprises entre 10% et 20%). C\u2019est pourquoi le syst\u00e8me ONAF est retenu.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Environnement d'installation et conditions de dissipation thermique<\/strong><\/p><p>Les facteurs environnementaux ont une incidence directe sur l'efficacit\u00e9 de la dissipation thermique naturelle, et les m\u00e9thodes de refroidissement doivent \u00eatre adapt\u00e9es en fonction des situations :<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Environnements bien ventil\u00e9s et \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature :<\/strong><\/p><p>Si le transformateur est install\u00e9 dans un espace ext\u00e9rieur \u00e0 ciel ouvert, en haute altitude (faible densit\u00e9 de l'air mais bonne ventilation) ou dans une r\u00e9gion froide, l'efficacit\u00e9 de la dissipation thermique par convection naturelle est \u00e9lev\u00e9e. M\u00eame si la puissance est proche de la valeur critique, il est possible de privil\u00e9gier le mode ONAN.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Environnements mal ventil\u00e9s et \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature :<\/strong><\/p><p>En cas d'installation dans des locaux de distribution ferm\u00e9s, des sous-sols, des r\u00e9gions tropicales ou des environnements industriels fortement pollu\u00e9s par la poussi\u00e8re ou l'huile, la dissipation naturelle de la chaleur est entrav\u00e9e. M\u00eame avec une puissance l\u00e9g\u00e8rement inf\u00e9rieure, la temp\u00e9rature de l'huile peut augmenter de mani\u00e8re excessive en raison des mauvaises conditions de dissipation thermique. Dans de tels cas, il est n\u00e9cessaire de passer \u00e0 la version ONAF afin de compenser les inconv\u00e9nients li\u00e9s \u00e0 l'environnement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une circulation d'air forc\u00e9e par des ventilateurs.<\/p><p>\u2463<strong>Co\u00fbt et besoins en mati\u00e8re d'entretien<\/strong><\/p><p>Il existe des diff\u00e9rences significatives entre les deux m\u00e9thodes de refroidissement en termes de co\u00fbts initiaux et de co\u00fbts d'exploitation et d'entretien :<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Avantages d'ONAN :<\/strong><\/p><p>Il ne comporte ni ventilateur ni circuit de commande, ce qui se traduit par une structure plus simple. Son co\u00fbt d'acquisition initial est faible (5%-10% inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui d'un ONAF de m\u00eame capacit\u00e9), et il ne n\u00e9cessite aucun entretien du moteur, ce qui rend les co\u00fbts d'exploitation et de maintenance \u00e0 long terme pratiquement nuls. Il convient aux situations o\u00f9 le co\u00fbt est un facteur d\u00e9terminant et o\u00f9 les ressources d\u2019entretien sont limit\u00e9es (par exemple, les r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques ruraux, les petits transformateurs d\u2019abonn\u00e9s).<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Inconv\u00e9nients et n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de l'ONAF :<\/strong><\/p><p>Cela n\u00e9cessite une configuration suppl\u00e9mentaire des ventilateurs, des thermostats et des circuits \u00e9lectriques, ce qui entra\u00eene des co\u00fbts initiaux plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s. Les moteurs des ventilateurs doivent faire l\u2019objet d\u2019inspections r\u00e9guli\u00e8res (nettoyage de la poussi\u00e8re, lubrification des roulements), ce qui implique une certaine charge de travail d\u2019entretien et une consommation d\u2019\u00e9nergie (la puissance des ventilateurs est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de l\u2019ordre de quelques dizaines \u00e0 quelques centaines de watts). Toutefois, pour les transformateurs de moyenne et grande capacit\u00e9 ou ceux dont les conditions de dissipation thermique sont insuffisantes, ces co\u00fbts doivent \u00eatre assum\u00e9s afin de garantir un fonctionnement s\u00fbr. Ainsi, l\u2019ONAF constitue un \u201c choix n\u00e9cessaire \u201d plut\u00f4t qu\u2019un \u201c choix ax\u00e9 sur les co\u00fbts \u201d.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2184\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2184\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 5. Quelle est la dur\u00e9e de vie des transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe \u00e0 bain d'huile Kete ?  <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2184\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b6302b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3b6302b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4da9555 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4da9555\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Conform\u00e9ment aux normes internationales (telles que la norme CEI 60076), la dur\u00e9e de vie nominale des transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9s dans l'huile de la marque Kete est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement estim\u00e9e \u00e0 20 ans. Il s'agit de la dur\u00e9e de vie pr\u00e9vue dans des conditions id\u00e9ales (\u201c conditions de fonctionnement normales + entretien r\u00e9gulier \u201d), qui correspond au temps n\u00e9cessaire pour que les composants essentiels (noyau de fer, enroulements, huile isolante) vieillissent jusqu'\u00e0 atteindre un \u00e9tat critique dans les limites des param\u00e8tres de conception.<\/p><p>Plage de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pratique dans l'industrie : dans les applications r\u00e9elles du r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique ou industrielles, il s'agit d'un indicateur dynamique influenc\u00e9 par de multiples facteurs tels que les normes de conception, les conditions d'exploitation et les niveaux de maintenance. La dur\u00e9e de vie des transformateurs peut g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement atteindre 20 \u00e0 40 ans.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2185\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2185\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 6. Quels sont les facteurs qui influent sur la dur\u00e9e de vie des transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe Kete \u00e0 bain d'huile ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2185\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d41fa9f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d41fa9f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fd938a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0fd938a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le principal facteur limitant la dur\u00e9e de vie d'un transformateur Kete est le taux de vieillissement de son syst\u00e8me d'isolation (notamment le papier d'isolation des enroulements, l'huile isolante et les composants isolants), qui est d\u00e9termin\u00e9 par les facteurs suivants :<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Temp\u00e9rature de fonctionnement (le facteur le plus d\u00e9terminant)<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00b7Le taux de vieillissement des mat\u00e9riaux isolants, en particulier de l'isolant en papier, suit une loi exponentielle en fonction de la temp\u00e9rature. Selon la \u201c loi du vieillissement thermique \u201d, la dur\u00e9e de vie de l'isolant est r\u00e9duite de moiti\u00e9 pour chaque augmentation de temp\u00e9rature de 6 \u00e0 8 \u00b0C.<\/p><p>\u00b7En fonctionnement normal, la limite maximale d'\u00e9l\u00e9vation de la temp\u00e9rature de l'huile en surface pour les transformateurs \u00e0 huile est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de 55 K (temp\u00e9rature ambiante + 55 \u00b0C). Un fonctionnement prolong\u00e9 \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures excessives (par exemple, une temp\u00e9rature maximale de l'huile sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 80 \u00b0C) acc\u00e9l\u00e8re la fragilisation du papier isolant et la d\u00e9gradation de l'huile isolante, ce qui r\u00e9duit consid\u00e9rablement la dur\u00e9e de vie de l'appareil.<\/p><p>Par exemple, si un transformateur fonctionnant \u00e0 pleine charge ou en surcharge pendant une longue p\u00e9riode subit une d\u00e9faillance de son syst\u00e8me de refroidissement entra\u00eenant une surchauffe, sa dur\u00e9e de vie peut passer de 30 ans \u00e0 moins de 15 ans.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Qualit\u00e9 et \u00e9tat de l'huile isolante<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00b7L'huile isolante sert principalement \u00e0 l'isolation et \u00e0 la dissipation thermique, et la d\u00e9gradation de ses performances a une incidence directe sur la dur\u00e9e de vie du syst\u00e8me d'isolation.<\/p><p>\u00b7Une humidit\u00e9 excessive, une augmentation de l'indice d'acidit\u00e9, l'accumulation d'impuret\u00e9s ou la formation de boues dans l'huile r\u00e9duisent la r\u00e9sistance di\u00e9lectrique et acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent la corrosion et le vieillissement des enroulements.<\/p><p>\u00b7Si l'huile n'est pas r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement filtr\u00e9e, r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e ou remplac\u00e9e (il est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement recommand\u00e9 de la tester tous les 3 \u00e0 5 ans et de la remplacer ou de la r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rer tous les 10 \u00e0 15 ans), cela entra\u00eenera une d\u00e9faillance pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e du syst\u00e8me d'isolation.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Mat\u00e9riaux : papier isolant \/ carton<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00b7Papier isolant ordinaire \u00e0 base de p\u00e2te de bois : sa classe de r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature est la classe A (temp\u00e9rature maximale admissible : 105 \u2103). Il est sensible \u00e0 l'hydrolyse dans des environnements o\u00f9 la temp\u00e9rature d\u00e9passe 65 \u2103, et sa dur\u00e9e de vie est d'environ 15 \u00e0 20 ans.<\/p><p>\u00b7Papier isolant enti\u00e8rement en cellulose : il pr\u00e9sente une meilleure r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l'hydrolyse et \u00e0 l'oxydation, et sa dur\u00e9e de vie peut \u00eatre prolong\u00e9e jusqu'\u00e0 25 \u00e0 30 ans.<\/p><p>\u00b7Papier isolant r\u00e9sistant aux hautes temp\u00e9ratures (par exemple, le papier NOMEX) : sa classe de r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature atteint la classe H (180 \u00b0C). Il peut supporter des variations de temp\u00e9rature plus importantes, ce qui le rend adapt\u00e9 aux environnements \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature ou aux situations de surcharge fr\u00e9quente, avec une dur\u00e9e de vie sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 30 ans.<\/p><p>\u2463<strong>Caract\u00e9ristiques de charge et conditions de fonctionnement<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00b7Des taux de charge \u00e9lev\u00e9s sur le long terme, des surcharges fr\u00e9quentes ou des chocs dus \u00e0 des courts-circuits entra\u00eenent une surchauffe des enroulements et une augmentation des contraintes m\u00e9caniques, ce qui acc\u00e9l\u00e8re la fatigue de l'isolation :<\/p><p>Les r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques ruraux ou les transformateurs industriels, qui sont fr\u00e9quemment soumis \u00e0 des surcharges de courte dur\u00e9e (par exemple, les pics li\u00e9s au d\u00e9marrage des moteurs), sont expos\u00e9s au vieillissement de l'isolation des enroulements en raison des cycles thermiques et des vibrations m\u00e9caniques.<\/p><p>\u00b7Les d\u00e9fauts de court-circuit (par exemple, les courts-circuits de ligne qui font subir aux transformateurs d'\u00e9normes courants de court-circuit) peuvent entra\u00eener une d\u00e9formation des enroulements et endommager l'isolation. M\u00eame apr\u00e8s r\u00e9paration, des risques cach\u00e9s peuvent subsister, r\u00e9duisant ainsi la dur\u00e9e de vie restante.<\/p><p>\u2464<strong>Conditions environnementales<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00b7L'environnement d'installation a une incidence directe sur la vitesse de vieillissement de l'isolation et des composants.<\/p><p>\u00b7Les environnements humides, \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature ou tr\u00e8s pollu\u00e9s (pr\u00e9sentant de la poussi\u00e8re ou des gaz chimiquement corrosifs) acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent l'absorption d'humidit\u00e9 par l'isolation, la d\u00e9gradation de l'huile et la formation de rouille sur les pi\u00e8ces m\u00e9talliques.<\/p><p>\u00b7Dans les zones de haute altitude (o\u00f9 l'air est rar\u00e9fi\u00e9 et la dissipation thermique insuffisante), une dissipation thermique insuffisante peut entra\u00eener une surchauffe si le transformateur n'est pas sp\u00e9cialement con\u00e7u \u00e0 cet effet.<\/p><p>Les lieux soumis \u00e0 de fortes vibrations (par exemple, les ateliers industriels situ\u00e9s \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de pompes ou de ventilateurs) accentuent le desserrage des enroulements et l'usure de l'isolation.<\/p><p>\u2465<strong>Niveau de maintenance<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00b7L'absence d'inspections r\u00e9guli\u00e8res (telles que les contr\u00f4les de la qualit\u00e9 de l'huile, les mesures de r\u00e9sistance d'isolement et la d\u00e9tection des d\u00e9charges partielles) emp\u00eache de d\u00e9tecter les d\u00e9fauts \u00e0 un stade pr\u00e9coce, ce qui permet \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes mineurs de se transformer en d\u00e9fauts majeurs.<\/p><p>\u00b7Les d\u00e9faillances non r\u00e9par\u00e9es des syst\u00e8mes de refroidissement (ventilateurs, pompes \u00e0 huile) r\u00e9duisent l'efficacit\u00e9 de la dissipation thermique et entra\u00eenent une \u00e9l\u00e9vation de la temp\u00e9rature.<\/p><p>\u00b7Le manque d'entretien des accessoires tels que les bagues isolantes et les changeurs de prises peut entra\u00eener une surchauffe localis\u00e9e ou une d\u00e9gradation de l'isolation, ce qui affecte indirectement la dur\u00e9e de vie globale de l'appareil.<\/p><p><strong>\u2466<\/strong><strong>Processus de fabrication<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00b7La pr\u00e9sence de bavures excessives sur les bords du noyau de fer et un mauvais alignement des lamelles entra\u00eenent une augmentation des pertes \u00e0 vide et une surchauffe locale, ce qui acc\u00e9l\u00e8re indirectement le vieillissement de l'isolation ; si le processus de recuit du noyau de fer ne respecte pas les normes, cela provoquera une diminution de la perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 magn\u00e9tique du noyau de fer et une augmentation des pertes.<\/p><p>\u00b7Une disposition irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re des fils d'enroulement entra\u00eene un serrage insuffisant des enroulements, une augmentation des vibrations pendant le fonctionnement et l'usure du papier isolant ; un processus d'impr\u00e9gnation des enroulements mal r\u00e9alis\u00e9 entra\u00eene la formation de poches d'air \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur des enroulements, ce qui provoque des d\u00e9charges partielles et endommage l'isolation.<\/p><p>\u00b7La pr\u00e9sence de trous de sable au niveau des joints de soudure du r\u00e9servoir d'huile et des essais d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 insuffisants entra\u00eeneront des fuites d'huile pendant le fonctionnement ; une conception inadapt\u00e9e du radiateur et une surface de dissipation thermique insuffisante entra\u00eeneront une temp\u00e9rature \u00e9lev\u00e9e de l'huile au sommet du transformateur et acc\u00e9l\u00e9reront le vieillissement de l'isolation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2186\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"7\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2186\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 7. Comment entretenir les transformateurs afin d'optimiser la dur\u00e9e de vie des transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9s dans l'huile de la marque Kete ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2186\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09a50ce e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"09a50ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2187\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"8\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2187\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 8. Quel type d'huile est utilis\u00e9 dans les transformateurs \u00e0 bain d'huile Kete ? Quels sont les avantages de ce type d'huile ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2187\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a831a3e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a831a3e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72df141 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72df141\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L'huile min\u00e9rale isolante utilis\u00e9e dans les transformateurs \u00e0 bain d'huile de Kete joue plusieurs r\u00f4les essentiels pour garantir un fonctionnement s\u00fbr et stable des transformateurs.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Excellentes performances d'isolation pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>R\u00e9sistance \u00e9lev\u00e9e \u00e0 la rupture :<\/strong> La tension de claquage de l'huile isolante min\u00e9rale est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 30 kV (les produits de haute qualit\u00e9 peuvent d\u00e9passer les 50 kV), ce qui d\u00e9passe de loin celle de l'air (environ 3 kV\/mm). Cela permet d'isoler efficacement les conducteurs se trouvant \u00e0 des potentiels diff\u00e9rents et d'\u00e9viter les courts-circuits dus \u00e0 une rupture d'isolation.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Faibles pertes di\u00e9lectriques et r\u00e9sistivit\u00e9 volumique \u00e9lev\u00e9e :<\/strong> Il pr\u00e9sente un faible facteur de perte di\u00e9lectrique (tan\u03b4), ce qui se traduit par de faibles pertes d'\u00e9nergie sous l'effet des champs \u00e9lectriques et une production de chaleur r\u00e9duite. Par ailleurs, sa r\u00e9sistivit\u00e9 volumique \u00e9lev\u00e9e (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement &gt; 10\u00b9\u2074 \u03a9\u00b7cm) minimise le courant de fuite, renfor\u00e7ant ainsi encore davantage la fiabilit\u00e9 de l'isolation.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Combler les lacunes en mati\u00e8re d'isolation :<\/strong> Les mat\u00e9riaux isolants solides, tels que le papier isolant et le carton, pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur des transformateurs, comportent de minuscules pores. L'huile isolante min\u00e9rale peut p\u00e9n\u00e9trer dans ces pores, combler les interstices d'air, \u00e9viter les d\u00e9charges partielles provoqu\u00e9es par l'ionisation de l'air et am\u00e9liorer la rigidit\u00e9 di\u00e9lectrique globale du syst\u00e8me d'isolation.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Une dissipation thermique efficace pour maintenir une \u00e9l\u00e9vation de temp\u00e9rature stable des \u00e9quipements<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Bonne conductivit\u00e9 thermique :<\/strong> Sa conductivit\u00e9 thermique est d'environ 0,12 \u00e0 0,15 W\/(m\u00b7K), ce qui est bien sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celle de l'air (environ 0,026 W\/(m\u00b7K)), ce qui lui permet d'absorber rapidement la chaleur g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par les enroulements et les noyaux de fer.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Refroidissement par circulation par convection :<\/strong> L'huile isolante chauff\u00e9e voit sa densit\u00e9 diminuer ; elle remonte naturellement vers le radiateur situ\u00e9 au sommet du transformateur, \u00e9change de la chaleur avec l'air \u00e0 travers ce dernier, se refroidit, puis redescend, cr\u00e9ant ainsi une circulation qui \u00e9vacue en continu la chaleur de l'\u00e9quipement.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Synergie avec les syst\u00e8mes de refroidissement :<\/strong> Dans les transformateurs de grande puissance, l'huile isolante min\u00e9rale peut \u00eatre associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes de refroidissement \u00e0 circulation d'huile forc\u00e9e (tels que des pompes \u00e0 huile et des ventilateurs de refroidissement) afin d'am\u00e9liorer encore l'efficacit\u00e9 de la dissipation thermique, r\u00e9pondant ainsi aux exigences d'un fonctionnement \u00e0 forte charge.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Une grande stabilit\u00e9 chimique pour prolonger la dur\u00e9e de vie des \u00e9quipements<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Excellente r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l'oxydation :<\/strong> L'huile min\u00e9rale isolante raffin\u00e9e (issue, par exemple, de p\u00e9trole brut napht\u00e9nique ou paraffinique) contient peu d'impuret\u00e9s telles que le soufre et l'azote. Elle ne s'oxyde pas facilement \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature pour former des acides, des collo\u00efdes ou des boues, ce qui r\u00e9duit la corrosion et l'encrassement des mat\u00e9riaux isolants.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Faible volatilit\u00e9 :<\/strong> Son point d'\u00e9bullition \u00e9lev\u00e9 et sa faible volatilit\u00e9 lui permettent de ne pas subir de perte de niveau d'huile ni de d\u00e9gradation des performances dues \u00e0 la volatilisation lors d'un fonctionnement \u00e0 long terme, ce qui r\u00e9duit la fr\u00e9quence des interventions d'entretien.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Bonne compatibilit\u00e9 avec les isolants solides :<\/strong> Il est parfaitement compatible avec les mat\u00e9riaux couramment utilis\u00e9s dans les transformateurs, tels que le papier de cellulose et le carton isolant, sans provoquer de r\u00e9actions chimiques susceptibles d'entra\u00eener le vieillissement des mat\u00e9riaux, ce qui contribue \u00e0 pr\u00e9server la stabilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me d'isolation.<\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Extinction et protection de l'arc pour renforcer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d'exploitation<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Fonction d'extinction d'arc :<\/strong> Lorsqu'un arc \u00e9lectrique se forme, l'huile se d\u00e9compose en gaz tels que l'hydrog\u00e8ne et le m\u00e9thane, qui peuvent absorber l'\u00e9nergie de l'arc. Parall\u00e8lement, le flux d'huile permet de refroidir la zone de l'arc, ce qui \u00e9teint rapidement celui-ci et emp\u00eache l'aggravation du d\u00e9faut.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Protection contre l'air et l'humidit\u00e9 :<\/strong> La couche d'huile recouvre la surface des composants internes, isolant ainsi l'oxyg\u00e8ne et l'humidit\u00e9 pr\u00e9sents dans l'air, ce qui permet d'\u00e9viter la rouille des composants m\u00e9talliques, tels que les noyaux en fer et les enroulements, due \u00e0 l'humidit\u00e9, et de r\u00e9duire le risque de d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de l'isolation.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Support de diagnostic des pannes :<\/strong> L'huile isolante g\u00e9n\u00e8re des gaz caract\u00e9ristiques (tels que l'ac\u00e9tyl\u00e8ne et l'hydrog\u00e8ne) en cas de d\u00e9faut. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie d'analyse des gaz dissous (DGA), il est possible de d\u00e9tecter \u00e0 l'avance d'\u00e9ventuels d\u00e9fauts, ce qui constitue une base pour l'\u00e9valuation de l'\u00e9tat des \u00e9quipements et leur maintenance.<\/p><p><strong>\u2464<\/strong><strong>Avantages en termes d'\u00e9conomie et de praticit\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Co\u00fbt ma\u00eetrisable :<\/strong> L'huile min\u00e9rale isolante b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie de sources d'approvisionnement vari\u00e9es (issues du raffinage du p\u00e9trole), de proc\u00e9d\u00e9s de production bien \u00e9tablis et de prix relativement bas, ce qui la rend adapt\u00e9e \u00e0 des applications \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle dans divers types de transformateurs (des transformateurs de distribution aux transformateurs \u00e0 tr\u00e8s haute tension).<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Entretien facile : <\/strong>En fonctionnement normal, seule une surveillance r\u00e9guli\u00e8re de la qualit\u00e9 de l'huile (notamment son taux d'humidit\u00e9, sa perte di\u00e9lectrique et sa tension de claquage) est n\u00e9cessaire. Si besoin, des traitements de filtration et de r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration permettent de r\u00e9tablir ses performances, pour des co\u00fbts d'entretien inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 ceux de certaines huiles isolantes synth\u00e9tiques.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Grande capacit\u00e9 d'adaptation :<\/strong> Il offre des performances stables sur une large plage de temp\u00e9ratures (par exemple, une bonne fluidit\u00e9 \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature et une r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature), s'adaptant ainsi aux besoins op\u00e9rationnels des diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions climatiques.<\/p><p>L'huile min\u00e9rale isolante assure une protection op\u00e9rationnelle compl\u00e8te des transformateurs gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses quatre fonctions essentielles : isolation, dissipation thermique, stabilit\u00e9 chimique et protection contre l'extinction des arcs \u00e9lectriques. Il s'agit d'un mat\u00e9riau essentiel et indispensable dans les r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques. Ses performances sont directement li\u00e9es \u00e0 la dur\u00e9e de vie, au rendement et \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des transformateurs ; c'est pourquoi elle occupe toujours une place pr\u00e9pond\u00e9rante dans le secteur de l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 (m\u00eame si les huiles isolantes synth\u00e9tiques sont de plus en plus utilis\u00e9es dans des cas sp\u00e9cifiques, l'huile min\u00e9rale reste l'un des choix les plus rentables).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2188\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"9\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2188\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 9. De quelles mesures de protection le transformateur \u00e0 huile Kete est-il dot\u00e9 contre les surcharges, les surchauffes et les courts-circuits ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2188\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fb1d72 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5fb1d72\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f1b9a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9f1b9a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les transformateurs \u00e0 huile Kete int\u00e8grent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des mesures de protection \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux, comprenant une conception de protection interne, des dispositifs de surveillance externes et des syst\u00e8mes de protection par relais.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Mesures de protection contre la \u201c surcharge \u201d<\/strong><\/p><p>On parle de surcharge lorsque le courant de charge du transformateur d\u00e9passe la valeur nominale pendant une p\u00e9riode plus ou moins longue, ce qui peut entra\u00eener une surchauffe des enroulements et un vieillissement acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9 de l'isolation. Les principales mesures de protection sont les suivantes :<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Protection contre les surcharges (syst\u00e8me de protection par relais)<\/strong><\/p><p>Principe : Le courant de charge du transformateur est surveill\u00e9 par des transformateurs de courant. Lorsque le courant d\u00e9passe un certain multiple de la valeur nominale (par exemple, 1,2 \u00e0 1,5 fois) et que cette situation persiste pendant un seuil pr\u00e9d\u00e9fini, le dispositif de protection se d\u00e9clenche.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Conception de la protection thermique interne<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>Notamment le choix des conducteurs d'enroulement et l'optimisation de la structure de dissipation thermique : la capacit\u00e9 naturelle de dissipation thermique est am\u00e9lior\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'augmentation du volume du r\u00e9servoir d'huile et \u00e0 l'optimisation de la disposition des ailettes de refroidissement, ce qui permet de limiter l'\u00e9l\u00e9vation de temp\u00e9rature en cas de surcharge.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Mesures de protection contre la \u201c surchauffe \u201d<\/strong><\/p><p>La surchauffe peut \u00eatre due \u00e0 une surcharge, \u00e0 des pertes dans le noyau trop importantes ou \u00e0 des d\u00e9faillances du syst\u00e8me de refroidissement, ce qui n\u00e9cessite une surveillance en temps r\u00e9el et une intervention rapide :<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Dispositifs de surveillance de la temp\u00e9rature<\/strong><\/p><p>Thermom\u00e8tre de temp\u00e9rature d'huile : mesure directement la temp\u00e9rature de la partie sup\u00e9rieure de l'huile dans le r\u00e9servoir. Une alarme se d\u00e9clenche lorsque la temp\u00e9rature de l'huile d\u00e9passe 85 \u00b0C (valeur de consigne standard).<\/p><p>Thermom\u00e8tre d'enroulement : simule la temp\u00e9rature du point chaud de l'enroulement (en combinant la temp\u00e9rature de l'huile et le courant de charge). La protection se d\u00e9clenche lorsque la temp\u00e9rature du point chaud d\u00e9passe 105 \u00b0C.<\/p><p>Mesure de temp\u00e9rature par fibre optique : dans les grands transformateurs, des capteurs \u00e0 fibre optique sont utilis\u00e9s pour mesurer directement les temp\u00e9ratures des points chauds des enroulements ou des noyaux, offrant ainsi une plus grande pr\u00e9cision et une r\u00e9ponse plus rapide.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Protection du syst\u00e8me de refroidissement<\/strong><\/p><p>Aide au refroidissement forc\u00e9 : Les transformateurs de grande puissance sont \u00e9quip\u00e9s de syst\u00e8mes de refroidissement \u00e0 circulation d'huile forc\u00e9e par air (OFAF) ou \u00e0 eau. Ces syst\u00e8mes se d\u00e9clenchent automatiquement lorsque la temp\u00e9rature de l'huile augmente afin d'am\u00e9liorer la dissipation thermique ; en cas de d\u00e9faillance du syst\u00e8me de refroidissement (par exemple, arr\u00eat d'un ventilateur), une alarme se d\u00e9clenche ou la charge est r\u00e9duite.<\/p><p>Relais Buchholz : un l\u00e9ger d\u00e9gagement de gaz peut se produire lorsque la temp\u00e9rature \u00e9lev\u00e9e de l'huile entra\u00eene sa d\u00e9composition et g\u00e9n\u00e8re une petite quantit\u00e9 de gaz, ce qui d\u00e9clenche une alarme afin de signaler la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de rechercher les causes de la surchauffe.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Protection contre les surchauffes<\/strong><\/p><p>Lorsque la temp\u00e9rature continue d'augmenter jusqu'\u00e0 atteindre un niveau dangereux (par exemple, lorsque la temp\u00e9rature de l'huile d\u00e9passe 95 \u00b0C ou que la temp\u00e9rature d'un point chaud de l'enroulement d\u00e9passe 120 \u00b0C), le syst\u00e8me de protection coupe directement l'alimentation \u00e9lectrique du transformateur afin d'\u00e9viter une rupture d'isolation.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Mesures de protection contre les \u201c courts-circuits \u201d<\/strong><\/p><p>Les courts-circuits (y compris les courts-circuits internes au bobinage et les courts-circuits externes au niveau des prises) g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des courants tr\u00e8s importants susceptibles d'endommager instantan\u00e9ment le transformateur, ce qui n\u00e9cessite un isolement rapide du d\u00e9faut :<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Protection diff\u00e9rentielle (protection principale)<\/strong><\/p><p>Principe : En se fondant sur le principe selon lequel \u201c le courant entrant dans le transformateur est \u00e9gal au courant sortant \u201d, la diff\u00e9rence de courant est mesur\u00e9e par des transformateurs de courant plac\u00e9s de part et d'autre. Un court-circuit interne est d\u00e9tect\u00e9 lorsque le courant diff\u00e9rentiel d\u00e9passe la valeur de seuil d\u00e9finie.<\/p><p>Caract\u00e9ristiques : Il agit rapidement (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement en quelques dizaines de millisecondes) et permet de distinguer efficacement les courts-circuits internes des d\u00e9fauts externes, constituant ainsi le c\u0153ur de la protection contre les courts-circuits des transformateurs.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Protection Buchholz (r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux courts-circuits internes)<\/strong><\/p><p>Action due \u00e0 un d\u00e9gagement important de gaz : lorsqu'un court-circuit se produit au niveau d'un enroulement interne, les temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par le courant de court-circuit provoquent une d\u00e9composition intense de l'huile, ce qui g\u00e9n\u00e8re une grande quantit\u00e9 de gaz. Cela d\u00e9clenche le relais de Buchholz, provoquant un d\u00e9clenchement instantan\u00e9 visant \u00e0 couper l'alimentation \u00e9lectrique et \u00e0 emp\u00eacher l'aggravation du d\u00e9faut.<\/p><p>Cas d'application : Particuli\u00e8rement adapt\u00e9 aux d\u00e9fauts internes, tels que les courts-circuits entre spires ou entre couches d'enroulement, ce dispositif constitue un compl\u00e9ment important \u00e0 la protection diff\u00e9rentielle.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Protection contre les surintensit\u00e9s (protection de secours)<\/strong><\/p><p>Protection contre les courts-circuits externes : lorsqu'un court-circuit externe se produit (par exemple, un court-circuit au niveau d'une prise), la protection contre les surintensit\u00e9s d\u00e9tecte la surintensit\u00e9 et se d\u00e9clenche avec un certain d\u00e9lai (ce d\u00e9lai devant \u00eatre suffisant pour \u00e9viter la dur\u00e9e d'impact du courant de court-circuit), emp\u00eachant ainsi le transformateur d'\u00eatre soumis \u00e0 des courants de court-circuit prolong\u00e9s.<\/p><p>Protection instantan\u00e9e contre les surintensit\u00e9s : en cas de courts-circuits externes \u00e0 courte distance, la protection instantan\u00e9e contre les surintensit\u00e9s peut se d\u00e9clencher sans d\u00e9lai afin d'isoler rapidement le d\u00e9faut.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Mesures de limitation des courants<\/strong><\/p><p>Conception de l'imp\u00e9dance de court-circuit : les enroulements sont con\u00e7us avec une imp\u00e9dance de court-circuit sp\u00e9cifique afin de limiter l'amplitude des courants de court-circuit, ce qui r\u00e9duit les contraintes m\u00e9caniques subies par les enroulements et les noyaux sous l'effet des chocs de court-circuit.<\/p><p>Renforcement m\u00e9canique des enroulements : une structure d'enroulement robuste (par exemple, liaison renforc\u00e9e de l'isolation, fixation par bandes de soutien) est mise en \u0153uvre afin d'am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9sistance m\u00e9canique face aux chocs de court-circuit.<\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Protection globale et mesures d'accompagnement<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Protection par mise \u00e0 la terre :<\/strong> Le point neutre du transformateur est mis \u00e0 la terre ou reli\u00e9 \u00e0 la terre via une bobine anti-arc. En cas de court-circuit monophas\u00e9 \u00e0 la terre, la protection contre les courants de z\u00e9ro-s\u00e9quence d\u00e9tecte le d\u00e9faut et d\u00e9clenche le disjoncteur afin d'\u00e9viter que les \u00e9quipements ne subissent des dommages dus \u00e0 une surtension.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Coordination de la protection par sauvegarde :<\/strong> La protection contre les surcharges, la protection contre les surintensit\u00e9s, etc., servent de syst\u00e8mes de secours pour assurer une protection en cas de d\u00e9faillance de la protection principale, formant ainsi un syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9fense \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux compos\u00e9 de la \u201c protection principale + protection de secours \u201d.\u201d<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Syst\u00e8me de surveillance en ligne :<\/strong> Les transformateurs intelligents sont \u00e9quip\u00e9s de dispositifs de surveillance de l'\u00e9tat qui collectent des donn\u00e9es en temps r\u00e9el sur la temp\u00e9rature de l'huile, le niveau d'huile, la composition des gaz, les d\u00e9charges partielles, etc. L'analyse de ces donn\u00e9es permet de pr\u00e9voir les d\u00e9faillances potentielles, ce qui offre une alerte pr\u00e9coce en cas de risque de court-circuit ou de surchauffe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2189\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"10\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2189\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 10. Quels sont les aspects des transformateurs \u00e0 huile Kete qui peuvent \u00eatre personnalis\u00e9s ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2189\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8387c87 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8387c87\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e6122e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e6122e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les transformateurs \u00e0 bain d'huile Kete peuvent \u00eatre personnalis\u00e9s \u00e0 plusieurs \u00e9gards afin de r\u00e9pondre aux besoins sp\u00e9cifiques de diff\u00e9rents clients.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Puissance nominale et rapport de transformation :<\/strong> En fonction des besoins du client en mati\u00e8re de consommation \u00e9lectrique, la puissance nominale et le rapport de transformation du transformateur peuvent \u00eatre ajust\u00e9s afin de garantir une tension de sortie adapt\u00e9e et de r\u00e9pondre aux besoins de diff\u00e9rentes charges.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Dimensions hors tout :<\/strong> Si l'espace disponible pour l'installation chez le client est limit\u00e9, les fabricants peuvent personnaliser les transformateurs en leur attribuant des dimensions sp\u00e9cifiques, en fonction des conditions r\u00e9elles, afin qu'ils s'adaptent au mieux \u00e0 l'environnement d'installation.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Accessoires et m\u00e9thodes de c\u00e2blage :<\/strong> Des accessoires adapt\u00e9s, tels que des bo\u00eetiers de raccordement, des sondes de temp\u00e9rature et des relais de gaz, peuvent \u00eatre fournis selon les besoins des clients, et des m\u00e9thodes de c\u00e2blage adapt\u00e9es peuvent \u00eatre con\u00e7ues afin de faciliter l'installation et l'utilisation par les clients.<\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Mat\u00e9riau de bobinage :<\/strong> Certains transformateurs \u00e0 bain d'huile proposent deux types de mat\u00e9riaux pour les enroulements, \u00e0 savoir le cuivre et l'aluminium, parmi lesquels les utilisateurs peuvent choisir. Les transformateurs enti\u00e8rement en cuivre pr\u00e9sentent une bonne conductivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique et thermique, ce qui permet de r\u00e9duire la r\u00e9sistance et l'\u00e9l\u00e9vation de temp\u00e9rature ; les transformateurs enti\u00e8rement en aluminium, quant \u00e0 eux, sont plus l\u00e9gers et offrent une excellente r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion.<\/p><p><strong>\u2464<\/strong><strong>Mat\u00e9riau isolant :<\/strong> Il est possible de choisir des mat\u00e9riaux isolants r\u00e9sistants aux hautes temp\u00e9ratures afin de r\u00e9pondre aux exigences de performance d'isolation dans des environnements ou des conditions de fonctionnement particuliers, ce qui permet d'am\u00e9liorer la fiabilit\u00e9 et la dur\u00e9e de vie du transformateur.<\/p><p><strong>\u2465<\/strong><strong>Niveau de protection :<\/strong> Dans certains environnements d'utilisation particuliers, tels que les zones \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature, \u00e0 forte humidit\u00e9, pollu\u00e9es ou les plateformes offshore, le niveau de protection du transformateur peut \u00eatre am\u00e9lior\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une conception sp\u00e9cifique permettant de l'adapter \u00e0 des conditions d'exploitation difficiles.<\/p><p><strong>\u2466<\/strong><strong>M\u00e9thode de dissipation thermique :<\/strong> En fonction de la puissance et des conditions d'utilisation du transformateur, la conception du syst\u00e8me de dissipation thermique peut \u00eatre optimis\u00e9e. Par exemple, il est possible de recourir \u00e0 une conception sp\u00e9cifique des canaux d'huile, d'augmenter le nombre d'ailettes de refroidissement ou d'adopter un refroidissement par air forc\u00e9 afin d'am\u00e9liorer l'efficacit\u00e9 de la dissipation thermique et de r\u00e9duire l'\u00e9l\u00e9vation de temp\u00e9rature du transformateur.<\/p><p><strong>\u2467<\/strong><strong>Structure d'enroulement :<\/strong> Par exemple, pour les enroulements \u00e0 basse tension et \u00e0 courant \u00e9lev\u00e9, on peut recourir \u00e0 un enroulement en feuille de cuivre. D\u2019une part, cela permet de r\u00e9duire le flux de fuite transversal de l\u2019enroulement afin de diminuer les pertes par courants de Foucault ; d\u2019autre part, cela am\u00e9liore la capacit\u00e9 du transformateur \u00e0 r\u00e9sister \u00e0 des courts-circuits soudains.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ff856d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0ff856d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>II.<\/strong><strong>Maintenance apr\u00e8s-vente<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35cf19d elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"35cf19d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accord\u00e9on. Ouvrez les liens \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche Entr\u00e9e ou de la barre d&#039;espace, fermez-les \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche \u00c9chap et naviguez \u00e0 l&#039;aide des touches fl\u00e9ch\u00e9es.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-5640\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-5640\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 1. Que couvre la garantie de Kete pendant la p\u00e9riode de garantie ? Et comment les frais sont-ils pris en charge ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5640\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8db37d5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8db37d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87480e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87480e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La garantie de notre entreprise couvre les d\u00e9faillances de fonctionnement dues \u00e0 des d\u00e9fauts de mat\u00e9riaux ou \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s au processus de fabrication, tels que les fuites d'eau au niveau du bo\u00eetier, les d\u00e9faillances d'isolation, le fonctionnement anormal des interrupteurs, etc.<\/p><p>Nous fournissons gratuitement les pi\u00e8ces de rechange n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l'entretien et, si n\u00e9cessaire, nous enverrons du personnel technique sur place pour effectuer une inspection et une r\u00e9paration, les frais de d\u00e9placement \u00e9tant \u00e0 la charge du fournisseur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-5641\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-5641\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 2. Kete fournira-t-il des documents d'instructions pour l'installation ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5641\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f40cd7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f40cd7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f33eab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f33eab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pour les transformateurs de grande taille qui n\u00e9cessitent le d\u00e9montage de certains accessoires afin de pouvoir \u00eatre charg\u00e9s dans des conteneurs, nous fournirons une vid\u00e9o d'installation ainsi qu'une version \u00e9lectronique des instructions d'installation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-5642\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-5642\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 3. Si une intervention d'entretien s'av\u00e8re n\u00e9cessaire et que les pi\u00e8ces de rechange sont achet\u00e9es aupr\u00e8s de Kete, quel sera le d\u00e9lai de livraison de ces pi\u00e8ces ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5642\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a349b2f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a349b2f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7480d7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7480d7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Si le client souhaite acheter des pi\u00e8ces de rechange aupr\u00e8s de notre entreprise, les marchandises peuvent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00eatre exp\u00e9di\u00e9es sous 2 \u00e0 7 jours.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-5643\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-5643\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 4. Comment g\u00e9rez-vous les demandes d'intervention d'urgence, et quel est le d\u00e9lai de r\u00e9ponse habituel ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5643\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05bb81a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"05bb81a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e882a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e882a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Une assistance technique t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique disponible 24 heures sur 24, 7 jours sur 7, garantissant un d\u00e9lai de r\u00e9solution des pannes inf\u00e9rieur ou \u00e9gal \u00e0 2 heures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-5644\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-5644\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 5. Quel type d'assistance apr\u00e8s-vente Kete est-elle en mesure de fournir, notamment en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9pannage et de maintenance ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5644\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d9ad48 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0d9ad48\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8572058 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8572058\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pendant la p\u00e9riode de garantie, des visites de suivi r\u00e9guli\u00e8res (une fois tous les trois mois) seront effectu\u00e9es afin de v\u00e9rifier l'\u00e9tat de fonctionnement de l'installation et de formuler des recommandations d'entretien.<\/p><p>\u00c0 l'issue de la p\u00e9riode de garantie, nous pouvons vous proposer des services d'entretien \u00e0 vie au prix co\u00fbtant ainsi que la fourniture de pi\u00e8ces de rechange.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-5645\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-5645\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 6. Kete propose-t-il des options de contrats de service ou de prolongation de garantie ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5645\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fee700e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fee700e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26f8b2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26f8b2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Oui, c'est possible. En r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, la dur\u00e9e de garantie de nos produits est d'un an. Si une prolongation de la dur\u00e9e de garantie est n\u00e9cessaire, nous majorerons le prix en appliquant une marge b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire d\u00e9termin\u00e9e, calcul\u00e9e par rapport au prix actuel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-5646\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"7\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-5646\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 7. Comment faut-il contr\u00f4ler et entretenir l'huile des transformateurs \u00e0 bain d'huile Kete ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-5646\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-028283b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"028283b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2954e81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2954e81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L'huile isolante utilis\u00e9e dans les transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9s dans l'huile (appel\u00e9e \u201c huile de transformateur \u201d) est un fluide essentiel qui garantit le fonctionnement s\u00fbr des transformateurs. Elle remplit trois fonctions principales : l'isolation, le refroidissement et l'extinction des arcs \u00e9lectriques. Une d\u00e9gradation de ses performances peut entra\u00eener une d\u00e9faillance de l'isolation, une surchauffe, voire des explosions des transformateurs. C'est pourquoi des contr\u00f4les r\u00e9guliers et un entretien rigoureux sont indispensables.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460Param\u00e8tres d'essai essentiels pour l'huile de transformateur<\/strong><\/p><p>Les contr\u00f4les de l'huile de transformateur doivent associer des analyses pr\u00e9ventives r\u00e9guli\u00e8res et une surveillance de l'\u00e9tat de fonctionnement. Les points cl\u00e9s sont les suivants :<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Analyses de routine des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physico-chimiques (indicateurs de base) :<\/strong> Aspect et odeur, teneur en humidit\u00e9 (traces d'eau), viscosit\u00e9 cin\u00e9matique, indice d'acide<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Essais de performances \u00e9lectriques (indicateurs cl\u00e9s de s\u00e9curit\u00e9) :<\/strong> Tension de claquage, facteur de perte di\u00e9lectrique (tan\u03b4)<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Analyse des gaz dissous dans le p\u00e9trole<\/strong><\/p><p>Principe : Les d\u00e9fauts internes des transformateurs (tels que la surchauffe locale ou les arcs \u00e9lectriques) g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des gaz caract\u00e9ristiques (par exemple, H\u2082, CH\u2084, C\u2082H\u2082, CO), qui se dissolvent dans l'huile. Il est possible de d\u00e9terminer le type de d\u00e9faut en analysant la composition et la concentration de ces gaz.<\/p><p>Fr\u00e9quence des essais : une fois apr\u00e8s une nouvelle installation ou une r\u00e9paration majeure ; pour les transformateurs en service, une fois tous les trois mois pour les tensions de 330 kV et plus, et une fois tous les six mois pour ceux de la classe 110 kV.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Autres examens sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p><p>Teneur en antioxydant : pour les huiles enrichies en antioxydant T501, il convient de v\u00e9rifier leur teneur (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement maintenue entre 0,31 TP6T et 0,51 TP6T) et de compl\u00e9ter si n\u00e9cessaire.<\/p><p>Boues et s\u00e9diments : des boues peuvent se former dans l'huile apr\u00e8s une utilisation prolong\u00e9e, ce qui nuit \u00e0 la dissipation thermique et \u00e0 l'isolation. Elles peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9tect\u00e9es par centrifugation ou filtration.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461Mesures d'entretien quotidien de l'huile de transformateur<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Gestion du stockage et du r\u00e9approvisionnement en p\u00e9trole<\/strong><\/p><p>Exigences relatives au stockage de l'huile : L'huile pour transformateurs doit \u00eatre stock\u00e9e dans des r\u00e9servoirs d\u00e9di\u00e9s et herm\u00e9tiques afin d'\u00e9viter l'exposition directe au soleil, l'humidit\u00e9 et toute contamination par des impuret\u00e9s. L'huile neuve ne peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e qu'apr\u00e8s avoir pass\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s un contr\u00f4le.<\/p><p>Principes relatifs au remplissage d'huile : avant de proc\u00e9der au remplissage, v\u00e9rifiez que la marque et les caract\u00e9ristiques techniques de la nouvelle huile correspondent \u00e0 celles de l'huile en service (en particulier la tension de claquage et l'indice d'acidit\u00e9). \u00c9vitez de m\u00e9langer diff\u00e9rents types d'huile (par exemple, de l'huile min\u00e9rale et de l'huile synth\u00e9tique).<\/p><p>Lors du remplissage, utilisez un filtre \u00e0 huile pour \u00e9liminer les impuret\u00e9s et l'humidit\u00e9. Une fois le remplissage termin\u00e9, purgez l'air afin d'\u00e9viter que des bulles n'alt\u00e8rent l'isolation.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Traitement de purification de l'huile<\/strong><\/p><p>Lorsque la qualit\u00e9 de l'huile se d\u00e9t\u00e9riore sans pour autant \u00eatre gravement compromise, il est possible de la purifier \u00e0 l'aide des m\u00e9thodes suivantes :<\/p><p>Filtration de l'huile sous vide : \u00e9limine l'humidit\u00e9 et les impuret\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques de l'huile ; convient aux cas o\u00f9 le taux d'humidit\u00e9 d\u00e9passe la norme ou lorsque la tension de claquage est l\u00e9g\u00e8rement inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la normale.<\/p><p>Filtration par adsorption : utilise des adsorbants tels que le gel de silice et l'alumine activ\u00e9e pour \u00e9liminer les acides, les pigments et les boues, ce qui permet de r\u00e9duire l'indice d'acide et les pertes di\u00e9lectriques.<\/p><p>Traitement de r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration : pour les huiles pr\u00e9sentant un indice d'acide excessivement \u00e9lev\u00e9 ou un degr\u00e9 d'oxydation important, des m\u00e9thodes de r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration chimique (par exemple, le lavage alcalin) peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es pour r\u00e9tablir leurs performances. Toutefois, le processus de traitement doit \u00eatre strictement contr\u00f4l\u00e9 afin d'\u00e9viter toute pollution secondaire.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Entretien des \u00e9l\u00e9ments auxiliaires du corps du transformateur<\/strong><\/p><p>Entretien du reniflard : il convient de v\u00e9rifier r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement le gel de silice pr\u00e9sent dans le reniflard. Remplacez-le sans tarder d\u00e8s qu\u2019il est humide et qu\u2019il a chang\u00e9 de couleur (passant du bleu au rouge) afin d\u2019emp\u00eacher l\u2019humidit\u00e9 de p\u00e9n\u00e9trer dans le r\u00e9servoir d\u2019huile.<\/p><p>Contr\u00f4le des joints : V\u00e9rifiez r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement l'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 des r\u00e9servoirs d'huile, des vannes, des bagues, etc., afin d'\u00e9viter les fuites d'huile et les infiltrations d'eau (remplacez imm\u00e9diatement les joints si vous constatez une fuite).<\/p><p>Contr\u00f4le de la temp\u00e9rature : assurez-vous que le syst\u00e8me de refroidissement du transformateur (ventilateurs, pompes \u00e0 huile) fonctionne normalement afin d'\u00e9viter qu'une temp\u00e9rature excessive de l'huile n'acc\u00e9l\u00e8re son vieillissement (la temp\u00e9rature maximale de l'huile ne doit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pas d\u00e9passer 85 \u2103).<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Fr\u00e9quence et normes de vidange d'huile<\/strong><\/p><p>Lorsque plusieurs indicateurs de l'huile d\u00e9passent largement la norme (par exemple, la tension de claquage reste inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la valeur de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, l'indice d'acide est sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 0,2 mg de KOH\/g ou une quantit\u00e9 importante de boues se forme) et que le traitement de purification ne parvient pas \u00e0 r\u00e9tablir les performances, une vidange compl\u00e8te de l'huile s'impose.<\/p><p>Lors de la vidange d'huile, il convient de vidanger enti\u00e8rement l'huile usag\u00e9e, de nettoyer le r\u00e9servoir d'huile et les composants, puis d'injecter de l'huile neuve. Une fois les tests de filtration en circuit et les contr\u00f4les \u00e9lectriques effectu\u00e9s, le transformateur peut \u00eatre mis en service.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462Pr\u00e9cautions \u00e0 prendre<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Sp\u00e9cifications relatives au pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement d'\u00e9chantillons d'huile<\/strong><\/p><p>Il convient d'utiliser des outils de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement sp\u00e9cifiques (r\u00e9cipients en verre ou en acier inoxydable). Avant le pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement, rincez-les au moins trois fois avec l'huile \u00e0 pr\u00e9lever.<\/p><p>Choisissez des points de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement situ\u00e9s au fond du r\u00e9servoir d'huile ou au niveau de la vanne de vidange d'huile (veillez \u00e0 \u00e9vacuer au pr\u00e9alable les s\u00e9diments d\u00e9pos\u00e9s au fond). \u00c9vitez de proc\u00e9der au pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement les jours de pluie ou lorsque le taux d'humidit\u00e9 est sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 85%.<\/p><p>\u00c9tiquetez les \u00e9chantillons d'huile en indiquant le nom de l'\u00e9quipement, l'heure du pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement, la temp\u00e9rature, etc., puis envoyez-les au laboratoire pour analyse d\u00e8s que possible (la dur\u00e9e de stockage ne doit pas d\u00e9passer 72 heures).<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Comparaison et analyse des donn\u00e9es<\/strong><\/p><p>Les r\u00e9sultats des tests doivent \u00eatre compar\u00e9s aux donn\u00e9es historiques et \u00e0 celles provenant d'\u00e9quipements similaires. Il convient de se concentrer sur les \u201c changements de tendance \u201d (par exemple, une augmentation soutenue de l'indice d'acide ou de la concentration en gaz) plut\u00f4t que de se demander si une valeur isol\u00e9e est conforme \u00e0 la norme.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7S\u00e9curit\u00e9 et protection<\/strong><\/p><p>L'huile de transformateur est inflammable. \u00c9loignez-la de toute source de feu pendant les essais et l'entretien, et utilisez des outils antid\u00e9flagrants.<\/p><p>Se laver les mains imm\u00e9diatement apr\u00e8s avoir manipul\u00e9 des \u00e9chantillons d'huile et \u00e9viter tout contact prolong\u00e9 avec la peau (certains additifs peuvent \u00eatre irritants).<\/p><p>Gr\u00e2ce aux essais et \u00e0 l'entretien syst\u00e9matiques d\u00e9crits ci-dessus, il est possible de prolonger efficacement la dur\u00e9e de vie de l'huile de transformateur et de garantir un fonctionnement s\u00fbr et stable des transformateurs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-685f6bb elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"685f6bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2162.<\/strong><strong>Livraison et paiement<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-400c4e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"400c4e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accord\u00e9on. Ouvrez les liens \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche Entr\u00e9e ou de la barre d&#039;espace, fermez-les \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche \u00c9chap et naviguez \u00e0 l&#039;aide des touches fl\u00e9ch\u00e9es.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6710\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6710\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 1. Quels sont les d\u00e9lais de fabrication et de livraison des transformateurs \u00e0 bain d'huile Kete ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6710\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13a21e2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13a21e2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9edb1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a9edb1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>De mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, si le client fournit des plans de conception d\u00e9taill\u00e9s et un cahier des charges pr\u00e9cis, les transformateurs d'une puissance inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 2 500 kVA peuvent \u00eatre livr\u00e9s dans un d\u00e9lai d'environ 20 jours ; pour les transformateurs d'une puissance sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 2 500 kVA, il faut g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement compter entre 30 et 40 jours. Le d\u00e9lai de livraison exact d\u00e9pend de la complexit\u00e9 du transformateur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6711\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6711\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 2. Quel est le conditionnement des transformateurs \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9s dans l'huile de la marque Kete ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6711\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2e3ee1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b2e3ee1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-563c289 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"563c289\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pour les marchandises en vrac, nous utiliserons des caisses en bois pour l'emballage ; pour les conteneurs complets, nous utiliserons des palettes en bois afin de renforcer l'emballage.<\/p><p>Si vous disposez d'un brevet d\u00fbment enregistr\u00e9, nous pouvons emballer les marchandises dans des cartons portant votre marque apr\u00e8s avoir re\u00e7u vos lettres d'autorisation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6712\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6712\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 3. Quelles sont les conditions de paiement pour les transformateurs Kete ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6712\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-febed70 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"febed70\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-577268c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"577268c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2460 Virement bancaire (T\/T) : 30% \u00e0 titre d'acompte, et 70% avant la livraison.<\/p><p>\u2461 L\/C \u00e0 vue<\/p><p>\u2462DP \u00e0 vue<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6713\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6713\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 4. Quelles sont les conditions de livraison pour les exp\u00e9ditions en vrac de transformateurs Kete ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6713\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84549c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84549c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb70847 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eb70847\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>EXW, FOB, CFR, CIF ou toute autre condition de livraison demand\u00e9e par les clients.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40ce24e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40ce24e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2163.<\/strong><strong>Syst\u00e8mes et certifications<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dee0114 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"dee0114\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accord\u00e9on. Ouvrez les liens \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche Entr\u00e9e ou de la barre d&#039;espace, fermez-les \u00e0 l&#039;aide de la touche \u00c9chap et naviguez \u00e0 l&#039;aide des touches fl\u00e9ch\u00e9es.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 1. La conception des transformateurs Kete \u00e0 alliage amorphe \u00e0 bain d'huile est-elle conforme \u00e0 des normes et certifications sp\u00e9cifiques du secteur ? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1641554 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1641554\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9d5aa0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9d5aa0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les transformateurs \u00e0 huile Kete sont conformes \u00e0 diverses normes internationales, normes nationales et syst\u00e8mes de certification essentiels.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Normes g\u00e9n\u00e9rales : CEI 60076, GB 1094<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Principaux syst\u00e8mes de certification<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Certifications chinoises :<\/strong> Certification CCC, certification du syst\u00e8me ISO<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Certification europ\u00e9enne :<\/strong> Certification CE<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Certification am\u00e9ricaine :<\/strong> Certification UL<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Certification canadienne :<\/strong> Certification GSA<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Certification russe :<\/strong> Certification GOST<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Certification africaine :<\/strong> Certification COC<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le transformateur Kete \u00e0 alliage amorphe immerg\u00e9 dans l'huile est un nouveau type d'\u00e9quipement \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 faible consommation d'\u00e9nergie. Il allie les caract\u00e9ristiques de faibles pertes des mat\u00e9riaux en alliage amorphe aux excellentes performances de refroidissement et d'isolation de la structure immerg\u00e9e dans l'huile. Il se distingue par une faible force coercitive, de faibles pertes, une bonne stabilit\u00e9 thermique et une protection efficace contre la foudre.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":4220,"template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[38,56,36],"product_tag":[],"class_list":["post-3121","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-oil-immersed-transformer","product_cat-product","product_cat-transformer","desktop-align-left","tablet-align-left","mobile-align-left","first","instock","shipping-taxable","product-type-simple"],"spectra_custom_meta":{"rank_math_internal_links_processed":["1","1","1","1","1","1","1"],"total_sales":["0"],"_tax_status":["taxable"],"_tax_class":[""],"_manage_stock":["no"],"_backorders":["no"],"_sold_individually":["no"],"_virtual":["no"],"_downloadable":["no"],"_product_image_gallery":["4221,4222,4223"],"_download_limit":["-1"],"_download_expiry":["-1"],"_thumbnail_id":["4220"],"_stock":[null],"_stock_status":["instock"],"_wc_average_rating":["0"],"_wc_review_count":["0"],"_product_version":["10.0.4"],"site-sidebar-layout":["no-sidebar"],"ast-site-content-layout":["full-width-container"],"site-content-style":["default"],"site-sidebar-style":["default"],"theme-transparent-header-meta":["default"],"_yoast_wpseo_primary_product_brand":[""],"_yoast_wpseo_primary_product_cat":["52"],"_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":["10kV SC(B)13 epoxy resin cast dry-type transformer can be used as an upgraded product of oil-immersed distribution transformer."],"_yoast_wpseo_content_score":["30"],"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":["3"],"_elementor_edit_mode":["builder"],"_elementor_template_type":["product-post"],"_elementor_version":["3.31.1"],"_elementor_pro_version":["3.31.0"],"_astra_content_layout_flag":["disabled"],"site-post-title":["disabled"],"ast-title-bar-display":["disabled"],"ast-featured-img":["disabled"],"_wp_page_template":["default"],"_elementor_data":["[{\"id\":\"11e38e9\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"flex_direction\":\"column\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"3df9cea\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"widgetType\":\"nested-tabs\",\"settings\":{\"tabs\":[{\"tab_title\":\"Brief introduction\",\"_id\":\"28ed36e\"},{\"tab_title\":\"Feature\",\"_id\":\"44a77a3\"},{\"tab_title\":\"Structure\",\"_id\":\"4e5d404\"},{\"tab_title\":\"Specification\",\"_id\":\"04585e4\"},{\"tab_title\":\"Diagram\",\"_id\":\"ebc3184\"},{\"tab_title\":\"FAQ\",\"_id\":\"0b0e7cd\"}],\"tabs_title_background_color_background\":\"classic\",\"tabs_title_background_color_hover_color\":\"#0055AA\",\"title_text_color\":\"#000000\",\"__globals__\":{\"title_text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=text\",\"tabs_title_background_color_hover_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=primary\",\"tabs_title_background_color_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=556a01c\",\"tabs_title_background_color_active_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=primary\",\"title_typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d5375a8\"},\"tabs_justify_horizontal\":\"start\",\"tabs_title_space_between_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"tabs_title_space_between_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"tabs_title_spacing_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"tabs_title_spacing_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":97,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"63d4ba4\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"Tab #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"flex_direction\":\"column\",\"border_border\":\"solid\",\"border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"1\",\"right\":\"1\",\"bottom\":\"1\",\"left\":\"1\",\"isLinked\":true},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"30\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"30\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"border_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=secondary\"},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"10\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"10\",\"left\":\"10\",\"isLinked\":true}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"76c97e8\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"Brief introduction\",\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=204d764\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"40fb5fa\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2160<\\\/strong><strong>.Brief introduction<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Standards: <\\\/strong><strong>IEC 60076, GB\\\/T 1094, GB\\\/T 25446-2010<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Power Rating:<\\\/strong> 30KVA-2500 kVA<\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Primary Voltage:<\\\/strong> 6KV-11KV<\\\/p><p><strong>4.<\\\/strong><strong>Secondary Voltage:<\\\/strong> 0.4 kV or as required<\\\/p><p><strong>5.Voltage regulation mode:<\\\/strong> off-circuit tap changing<\\\/p><p><strong>6.Frequency:<\\\/strong> 50HZ or 60HZ<\\\/p><p><strong>7.<\\\/strong><strong>Type:<\\\/strong> 3 Phase Electric Power Transformer<\\\/p><p><strong>8.<\\\/strong><strong>Connection Type:<\\\/strong> Dyn11, Yyn0, or per client specification<\\\/p><p><strong>9.insulation grade: <\\\/strong>A<\\\/p><p><strong>10.Cooling method:<\\\/strong> ONAN<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2161<\\\/strong><strong>.Working conditions<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Ambient Temperature:<\\\/strong> No more than +40\\u2103 No less than -25\\u2103, The monthly average temperature is no more than +30\\u2103, The yearly average temperature is no more than +20\\u2103<\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Altitude:<\\\/strong> No more than 1000m.<\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Relative air humidity:<\\\/strong>\\u226490%<\\\/p><p><strong>4.<\\\/strong><strong>installation site:<\\\/strong> no corrosion gas, No obvious dirt<\\\/p><p><strong>5.Scope of application:<\\\/strong> The scope of application is mainly concentrated in scenarios with stable loads, long operating hours, and high requirements for energy efficiency, such as power distribution networks, commercial and civil buildings, new energy supporting facilities, and other fields.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2162<\\\/strong><strong>.The tests for oil-immersed transformer<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The experimental types of amorphous alloy transformers cover four core directions: basic performance testing, safety and reliability testing, special working condition testing, and material &amp; process testing:<\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Basic Performance Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>This type of experiment aims to verify whether the core electrical performance of the transformer meets design standards, serving as a core link in product research and development as well as factory inspection.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>No-load Loss and No-load Current Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Load Loss and Short-Circuit Impedance Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Turns Ratio and Polarity Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2463<\\\/strong><strong>Insulation Resistance and Dielectric Loss Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Safety and Reliability Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>This type of experiment focuses on the safety of transformers under extreme conditions or long-term operation, serving as a key requirement for product finalization and grid access.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Power Frequency Withstand Voltage Test<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Lightning Impulse Withstand Voltage Test<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Short-Circuit Withstand Capability Test<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2463<\\\/strong><strong>Temperature Rise Test<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Special Working Condition and Environmental Adaptability Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Targeted experiments are required for different application scenarios (e.g., plateaus, humid areas, high-altitude regions) or special needs.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Environmental Adaptability Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Noise Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Partial Discharge Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>4.<\\\/strong><strong>Material and Process Verification Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The performance of amorphous alloy cores directly affects the overall indicators of transformers, requiring separate testing of materials and manufacturing processes.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Amorphous Alloy Strip Performance Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Core Winding Process Testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The experimental types of amorphous alloy transformers must balance electrical performance, safety reliability, environmental adaptability, and material processes, covering the entire process from research and development to factory delivery. Among them, no-load loss testing, short-circuit withstand capability testing, temperature rise testing, and core material performance testing are key differentiators from traditional transformers, directly determining their energy-saving advantages and operational stability.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2163.<\\\/strong><strong>Amorphous Alloy Transformer Component Inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Amorphous alloy transformers are widely used in power systems due to their advantages such as low loss and energy efficiency. Their component inspection involves multiple core components including iron cores, windings, oil tanks, insulation systems, and cooling systems.<\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Iron Core Inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The amorphous alloy iron core is the \\\"heart\\\" of the transformer, and its performance directly affects the loss and efficiency of the transformer. The key inspection aspects include:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Appearance quality inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Dimensional accuracy inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Iron loss inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2463<\\\/strong><strong>Magnetic flux density distribution inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2464<\\\/strong><strong>Annealing quality inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Winding Inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Windings are the core components for the transformer to realize electrical energy conversion, and their electrical performance and mechanical strength need to be focus on:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>DC resistance inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Insulation resistance inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Dielectric loss factor (tan\\u03b4) inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2463<\\\/strong><strong>AC withstand voltage test<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2464<\\\/strong><strong>Partial discharge inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2465<\\\/strong><strong>Mechanical strength inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Oil Tank and Structural Component Inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Appearance and tightness inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Dimension and deformation inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Structural strength inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>4.<\\\/strong><strong>Insulation System Inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The insulation system is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of the transformer, covering solid insulation (such as insulating paper and insulating cardboard) and liquid insulation (such as transformer oil):<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Solid insulation inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Transformer oil inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>5.<\\\/strong><strong>Cooling System Inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The performance of the cooling system directly affects the heat dissipation effect of the transformer. The inspection contents are as follows:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Radiator \\\/ cooler inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Fan and oil pump inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Temperature control device inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2164<\\\/strong><strong>.<\\\/strong><strong>Certificate: <\\\/strong>CE, UL, ISO, SGS, CCC<\\\/p>\",\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"2e2154e\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"Tab #2\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"border_border\":\"solid\",\"border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"1\",\"right\":\"1\",\"bottom\":\"1\",\"left\":\"1\",\"isLinked\":true},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"30\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"30\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"border_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=secondary\"},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"10\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"10\",\"left\":\"10\",\"isLinked\":true}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"0f27574\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"Structural Features\",\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=204d764\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"f30b232\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2160.<\\\/strong><strong>Product features<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Amorphous alloy transformers are a type of power transformer that uses amorphous alloy materials as their core. Amorphous alloys are formed by directly cooling molten metal alloys into a solid state through rapid solidification technology (with a cooling rate as high as one million degrees Celsius per second), resulting in an amorphous structure with disordered atomic arrangement. Their core characteristics directly determine the performance of the transformer:<\\\/p><p>1.Low hysteresis loss: Due to the disordered atomic arrangement of amorphous alloys, the resistance to domain rotation and displacement during magnetization is extremely small. The area of the hysteresis loop is much smaller than that of silicon steel sheets (only 1\\\/5 - 1\\\/10 of traditional silicon steel sheets), which is the core reason for its energy efficiency.<\\\/p><p>2.High magnetic permeability: High magnetization can be achieved under weak magnetic fields, which reduces the excitation current and lowers the no-load loss.<\\\/p><p>3.Mechanical properties: Amorphous alloys have high hardness (about 2 - 3 times that of silicon steel sheets) but are highly brittle and prone to fragmentation during processing. Therefore, the core is usually manufactured using a winding process rather than a laminated structure.<\\\/p><p>4.Corrosion resistance: A natural oxide film forms on the surface, providing better corrosion resistance than ordinary silicon steel and reducing the risk of core rusting.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2161.<\\\/strong><strong>Product <\\\/strong><strong>Advantages<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Advantages of Amorphous Alloy Transformers:<\\\/p><p>1.Extremely low no-load loss: The no-load loss of amorphous alloy core transformers is reduced by approximately 70% - 80% compared to traditional silicon steel sheet transformers. For example, the no-load loss of a 10kV class 500kVA amorphous alloy transformer is about 300W, while that of a silicon steel sheet transformer of the same class is approximately 1200W - 1500W.<\\\/p><p>2.Suitable for light-load operation: In areas with low grid load rates such as rural areas and suburban districts, the energy-saving effect is particularly prominent. Long-term operation can significantly reduce electricity expenses.<\\\/p><p>3.Small no-load current: It is usually more than 50% lower than that of silicon steel sheet transformers, which reduces the reactive power loss of the power grid and helps improve the grid power factor.<\\\/p><p>4.Slightly lower noise: Due to the smaller magnetostriction coefficient of amorphous alloy materials, the operating noise is 3dB - 5dB lower than that of traditional transformers, making them more suitable for noise-sensitive areas (such as residential areas and hospitals).<\\\/p><p>5.Compact structure: The core adopts a wound structure, and its volume is equivalent to or slightly smaller than that of a silicon steel sheet transformer with the same capacity, facilitating installation and layout.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"764f307\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"Tab #3\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"30\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"30\",\"isLinked\":false},\"border_border\":\"solid\",\"border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"1\",\"right\":\"1\",\"bottom\":\"1\",\"left\":\"1\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"border_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=secondary\"},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"10\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"10\",\"left\":\"10\",\"isLinked\":true}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"9872304\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"Product structure\",\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=204d764\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"b1b2cc5\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers are high-efficiency and energy-saving power equipment. Their core advantage lies in the use of amorphous alloy core materials, which have the characteristics of low loss and high magnetic permeability.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"},{\"id\":\"5474a64\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"boxed_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"flex_direction\":\"row\",\"flex_align_items\":\"center\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"24a71fc\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2160.<\\\/strong><strong>Core Manufacturing Process<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The core is a key component that determines the energy-saving performance of the transformer. Amorphous alloy strips are highly brittle and easy to break, so the manufacturing process must be extremely precise.<\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Strip cutting<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Core winding (or lamination)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Annealing treatment<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>4.<\\\/strong><strong>Core curing and finishing<\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":70,\"sizes\":[]},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=7268ef8\"},\"_element_custom_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"},{\"id\":\"4144565\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"content_width\":\"full\",\"width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":30,\"sizes\":[]},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"4d5efec\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"image\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_1000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px.png\",\"id\":4633,\"size\":\"\",\"alt\":\"\",\"source\":\"library\"},\"width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":30,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"image\"}],\"isInner\":true}],\"isInner\":true},{\"id\":\"316f71b\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"boxed_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"flex_direction\":\"row\",\"flex_align_items\":\"center\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"flex_direction_mobile\":\"row-reverse\"},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"5a64ba5\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"image\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_2000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px.png\",\"id\":4637,\"size\":\"\",\"alt\":\"\",\"source\":\"library\"},\"width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":40,\"sizes\":[]},\"_element_custom_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"image\"},{\"id\":\"415ab2d\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2161.<\\\/strong><strong>Winding Manufacturing Process<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The winding is the conductive component of the transformer, which must meet the requirements of insulation strength, mechanical strength, and heat dissipation performance.<\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Conductor pre-treatment<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Winding drying and curing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Winding insulation testing<\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":70,\"sizes\":[]},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=7268ef8\"},\"_element_custom_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true},{\"id\":\"3a0ed7f\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"boxed_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"flex_direction\":\"row\",\"flex_align_items\":\"center\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"8c7e7b3\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2162.<\\\/strong><strong>Core Assembly Process<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Core assembly is a crucial link in combining the core, windings, and related components into an integrated whole. It is necessary to ensure accurate positioning of components and reliable insulation.<\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Core and winding assembly<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Lead connection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Core drying<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>4.<\\\/strong><strong>Overall core inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":70,\"sizes\":[]},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=7268ef8\"},\"_element_custom_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"},{\"id\":\"e8418c8\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"content_width\":\"full\",\"width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":30,\"sizes\":[]},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"6b4fa40\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"image\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_3000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px.png\",\"id\":4646,\"size\":\"\",\"alt\":\"\",\"source\":\"library\"},\"width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":30,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"image\"}],\"isInner\":true}],\"isInner\":true},{\"id\":\"db9ebd4\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"boxed_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"flex_direction\":\"row\",\"flex_align_items\":\"center\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"flex_direction_mobile\":\"row-reverse\"},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"0c75ed8\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"image\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/10kV_SH15_SH21_SH25_Oil-immersed_Amorphous_Alloy_Distribution_Transformer1WH_4000x1000px_WH_1000x1000px1_WH_1000x1000px.png\",\"id\":4647,\"size\":\"\",\"alt\":\"\",\"source\":\"library\"},\"width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":40,\"sizes\":[]},\"_element_custom_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"image\"},{\"id\":\"61c2596\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2163.<\\\/strong><strong>Oil Tank Assembly and Oil Filling Process<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The oil tank is the outer shell of the transformer, which must satisfy the functions of sealing, heat dissipation, and mechanical protection.<\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Oil tank pre-treatment<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Accessory installation<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Core placement into the tank<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>4.<\\\/strong><strong>Vacuum oil filling<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>5.<\\\/strong><strong>Seal detection<\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":70,\"sizes\":[]},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=7268ef8\"},\"_element_custom_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true},{\"id\":\"5fc33e8\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"boxed_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100,\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"flex_direction\":\"row\",\"flex_align_items\":\"center\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"4652b00\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2164.<\\\/strong><strong>Finished Product Testing and Factory Process<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>After the transformer production is completed, strict tests are required to verify whether its performance meets the standards.<\\\/p><p><strong>1.<\\\/strong><strong>Routine tests<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>2.<\\\/strong><strong>Type tests (conducted by sampling)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>3.<\\\/strong><strong>Appearance and 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font-weight:normal;overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;}\\r\\n.tg .tg-baqh{text-align:center;vertical-align:top}\\r\\n.tg .tg-wa1i{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}\\r\\n.tg .tg-nrix{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}\\r\\n<\\\/style>\\r\\n<table class=\\\"tg\\\"><thead>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">Rated Capacity<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">H.V.<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">L.V.<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">Connection symbol<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" colspan=\\\"3\\\">No-load loss\\uff08w)<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" colspan=\\\"3\\\">On-load loss(w)<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">Short circuit impedance<\\\/th>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S15<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S21<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S25<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S15<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S21<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S25<\\\/th>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr><\\\/thead>\\r\\n<tbody>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">30<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"19\\\">6<br><br><br>6.3<br><br><br>10<br><br><br>10.5<br><br><br>11<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"19\\\">0.4<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"19\\\">Dyn11<br><br><br><br><br>Yyn0<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">33<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">33<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">25<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">630\\\/660<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">535\\\/510<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">510\\\/480<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"12\\\">4<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">50<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">43<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">43<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">35<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">910\\\/870<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">780\\\/745<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">735\\\/700<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">63<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">50<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">50<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">40<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1090\\\/1040<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">930\\\/890<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">880\\\/840<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">80<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">60<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">60<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">50<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1310\\\/1250<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1120\\\/1070<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1060\\\/1010<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">100<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">75<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">75<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">60<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1580\\\/1500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1350\\\/1285<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1270\\\/1215<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">125<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">85<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">85<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">70<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1890\\\/1800<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1615\\\/1540<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1530\\\/1450<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">160<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">100<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">100<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">80<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">2310\\\/2200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1975\\\/1880<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1870\\\/1780<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">120<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">120<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">95<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">2730\\\/2600<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">2330\\\/2225<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">2210\\\/2100<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">250<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">140<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">140<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">110<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">3200\\\/3050<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">2735\\\/2610<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">2590\\\/2470<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">315<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">170<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">170<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">135<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">3830\\\/3650<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">3275\\\/3120<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">3100\\\/2950<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">400<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">160<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">4520\\\/4300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">3865\\\/3675<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">3660\\\/3480<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">240<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">240<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">190<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">5410\\\/5150<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">4625\\\/4400<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">4380\\\/4170<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">630<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">320<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">320<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">250<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">6200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">5300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">5020<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"5\\\">4.5<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">800<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">380<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">380<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">7500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">6415<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">6075<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1000<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">450<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">450<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">360<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">10300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">8800<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">8340<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1250<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">530<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">530<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">425<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">12000<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">10260<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">9720<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1600<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">630<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">630<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">14500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">12400<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">11745<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">2000<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">720<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">710<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">550<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">18300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">14800<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">14000<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">5<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">2500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">865<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">860<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">670<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">21200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">16300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">15450<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n<\\\/tbody><\\\/table>   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#3\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"border_border\":\"solid\",\"border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"1\",\"right\":\"1\",\"bottom\":\"1\",\"left\":\"1\",\"isLinked\":true},\"border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"1\",\"right\":\"1\",\"bottom\":\"1\",\"left\":\"1\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"border_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=secondary\"},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"30\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"30\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"10\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"10\",\"left\":\"10\",\"isLinked\":true}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"bd32b31\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"boxed_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"boxed_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"c595837\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"image\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/04-10-0.4-50-630kva-2.webp\",\"id\":4849,\"size\":\"\",\"alt\":\"\",\"source\":\"library\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"image\"},{\"id\":\"8acb507\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"image\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/05-10-0.4-800kva-1600kva-2.webp\",\"id\":4850,\"size\":\"\",\"alt\":\"\",\"source\":\"library\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"image\"},{\"id\":\"1c56472\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"image\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\\u4ee5\\u4e0a-2.webp\",\"id\":4851,\"size\":\"\",\"alt\":\"\",\"source\":\"library\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"image\"}],\"isInner\":true}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"a681f0e\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"Tab #3\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"30\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"30\",\"isLinked\":false},\"border_border\":\"solid\",\"border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"1\",\"right\":\"1\",\"bottom\":\"1\",\"left\":\"1\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"border_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=secondary\"},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"10\",\"right\":\"10\",\"bottom\":\"10\",\"left\":\"10\",\"isLinked\":true}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"11bf213\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"     FAQs\",\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=204d764\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"692e57a\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2160.Basic Maintenance Service<\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"020\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":65,\"sizes\":[]},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=7268ef8\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"},{\"id\":\"d080af3\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"widgetType\":\"nested-accordion\",\"settings\":{\"items\":[{\"item_title\":\"1.What are the rated voltage and power of the Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformer?\",\"_id\":\"1d2b564\"},{\"item_title\":\"2.What type of cooling system does the Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformer use?\",\"_id\":\"6187cb3\"},{\"item_title\":\"3.How does the cooling system of the Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformer affect its performance under different climatic conditions\\uff1f\",\"_id\":\"9244a66\"},{\"item_title\":\"4.What is the main basis for choosing between ONAN and ONAF cooling methods for kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers?\",\"_id\":\"b474fe0\"},{\"item_title\":\"5.How long is the service life of Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers? \",\"_id\":\"bab7d20\"},{\"item_title\":\"6.What are the factors that affect the service life of Kete amorphous alloy oil-immersed transformers?\",\"_id\":\"a2a227a\"},{\"item_title\":\"7.How to maintain transformers to maximize the service life of Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers?\",\"_id\":\"668e117\"},{\"item_title\":\"8.What type of oil is used in Kete oil-immersed transformers? What advantages does this type of oil have?\",\"_id\":\"8dbbd3a\"},{\"item_title\":\"9.What protective measures does the Kete oil-immersed transformer have against overload, overheating, and short circuits?\",\"_id\":\"1026d03\"},{\"item_title\":\"10.What aspects of Kete oil-immersed transformers can be customized?\",\"_id\":\"c15e883\"}],\"accordion_item_title_icon\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-angle-right\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"accordion_item_title_icon_active\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-angle-down\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"default_state\":\"all_collapsed\",\"max_items_expended\":\"multiple\",\"accordion_item_title_space_between\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"accordion_background_normal_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_normal_color\":\"#F2F2F2\",\"accordion_background_hover_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_hover_color\":\"#0055AA\",\"accordion_background_active_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_active_color\":\"#0055AA\",\"title_typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"title_typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"title_typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":14,\"sizes\":[]},\"title_typography_font_weight\":\"600\",\"hover_title_color\":\"#FFFFFF\",\"active_title_color\":\"#FFFFFF\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"title_typography_typography\":\"\",\"accordion_background_hover_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=primary\",\"hover_title_color\":\"\",\"active_title_color\":\"\",\"accordion_background_active_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=primary\",\"accordion_background_normal_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=556a01c\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"05eeb49\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"d60b237\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Primary Voltage (High Voltage Side): <\\\/strong>Typically range from 1 kV to 66 kV, with common ratings like 6kV, 10 kV, 11KV, 20KV, 33 kV, 34.5KV, 35KV<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Secondary Voltage (Low Voltage Side): <\\\/strong>Common secondary voltage ratings include:<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7400 V (0.4 kV) for industrial and residential supply<\\\/p><p>\\u00b711 kV or 33 kV<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Customization: <\\\/strong>Transformers can be designed for specific applications. If you have specific power requirements or voltage needs, we can specially design and customize transformers to meet your demands.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"9b6bfdb\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"3e23d10\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers mainly adopt two common cooling methods: ONAN and ONAF.<\\\/p><p>\\u2460<strong>Scope of Application of ONAN<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Transformers with small capacity<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Typical applicable capacity: Usually used for transformers of 10kV class with 500kVA and below, and 35kV class with 1000kVA and below.<\\\/p><p>Reason: Small-capacity transformers have low losses (small heat generation), and natural heat dissipation can meet the temperature rise requirements, with a simple structure and low cost.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Scenarios with loose installation environment<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Suitable for outdoor open spaces, well-ventilated indoor distribution rooms, or areas with low ambient temperatures.<\\\/p><p>If installed in enclosed spaces (such as basements), additional evaluation of heat dissipation conditions is required, and the cooling method may need to be upgraded.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Transformers with low load rate or intermittent operation<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>For transformers that are in a light load state for a long time (load rate &lt; 50%), the heat dissipation capacity of ONAN is sufficient, without wasting energy consumption from forced cooling.<\\\/p><p>\\u2461<strong>Scope of Application of ONAF<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Medium and large capacity transformers<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Typical applicable capacity: 10kV class with 800kVA and above, 35kV class with 1600kVA and above for small and medium-sized transformers.<\\\/p><p>Reason: Medium and large-capacity transformers have high losses (large copper loss and iron loss), and natural heat dissipation cannot meet the temperature rise limit, so fans are needed to assist in enhancing heat dissipation.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Transformers with high load rate or continuous operation<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Suitable for scenarios with long-term full-load operation or large load fluctuations (needing to cope with short-term overload), such as main transformers in industrial plants and hub transformers in urban distribution networks.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Environments with limited heat dissipation conditions<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>If the transformer is installed in a poorly ventilated indoor environment or in areas with high ambient temperatures (such as tropical regions), ONAF can make up for the deficiency of natural heat dissipation through forced air cooling, avoiding excessive oil temperature that affects service life.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"eb6a4dc\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"5f1cf45\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>The impact of ONAN (Oil-Immersed Natural Air Cooling) and ONAF (Oil-Immersed Forced Air Cooling) cooling systems of Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers on performance under different climatic conditions is as follows:<\\\/p><p>\\u2460<strong>Impact of High-Temperature Climate<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>ONAN Cooling System:<\\\/strong> When the ambient temperature exceeds 40\\u00b0C, the heat dissipation efficiency of the ONAN cooling system decreases significantly, potentially dropping to approximately 60%. This is because high temperatures reduce the viscosity of the oil, weakening its fluidity and thus lowering the efficiency of natural convection heat dissipation. At this point, the winding temperature of the transformer rises rapidly, accelerating insulation aging. According to the Arrhenius law, the insulation life is halved for every 8\\u00b0C increase in temperature. Meanwhile, high temperatures cause a decrease in the magnetic permeability of silicon steel sheets and an increase in eddy current losses, reducing energy efficiency. The transformer may need to be derated; otherwise, there are risks of insulation damage and fire.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>ONAF Cooling System:<\\\/strong> In high-temperature environments, the cooling effect of the fans in the ONAF cooling system diminishes. Although heat dissipation can be enhanced by adding auxiliary cooling equipment, the overall performance is still affected to a certain extent. However, compared to the ONAN cooling system, the ONAF system, with active heat dissipation by fans, achieves higher heat dissipation efficiency under the same high-temperature conditions. It can better control the transformer\\u2019s winding temperature and delay insulation aging.<\\\/p><p>\\u2461<strong>Impact of Low-Temperature Climate<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>ONAN Cooling System:<\\\/strong> In low-temperature environments, such as temperatures below -30\\u00b0C, the viscosity of transformer oil increases sharply, leading to greater circulation resistance. This may cause heat dissipation to stagnate, or even result in oil solidification (the pour point of transformer oil is approximately -45\\u00b0C). In addition, dissolved water in the oil may turn into suspended ice crystals, increasing the risk of partial discharge. During cold startup, mechanical stress may cause welds or insulation to crack due to brittleness. Therefore, in extremely low temperatures, preheating to above 0\\u00b0C is required before commissioning.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>ONAF Cooling System:<\\\/strong> In low-temperature environments, apart from the issue of increased oil viscosity similar to that of ONAN, the ONAF cooling system also faces the risk of fan icing. This can affect the normal operation of the fans and further impair heat dissipation efficiency.<\\\/p><p>\\u2462<strong>Impact of High-Humidity and Salt-Spray Climate<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>ONAN Cooling System:<\\\/strong> In high-humidity environments with humidity exceeding 90%, the moisture content of insulation paper increases, causing the dielectric strength to decrease by approximately 30% and reducing the transformer\\u2019s insulation performance. In salt-spray environments, winding joints are corroded, increasing contact resistance and leading to local overheating, which affects the transformer\\u2019s normal operation and service life.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>ONAF Cooling System:<\\\/strong> High-humidity and salt-spray climates affect the ONAF cooling system similarly to ONAN, mainly causing insulation performance degradation and component corrosion. However, since the ONAF cooling system is equipped with rotating components such as fans, in high-humidity environments, additional attention must be paid to preventing issues such as moisture-induced short circuits in fan motors.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"8566f20\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"d6f876c\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>The choice between ONAN (Oil Natural Circulation and Air Natural Cooling) and ONAF (Oil Natural Circulation and Air Forced Cooling) cooling methods for Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers is corely based on the matching between the transformer's heat dissipation requirements and actual heat dissipation conditions. Specifically, it can be comprehensively judged from the following 5 key dimensions:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Transformer Rated Capacity and Heat Generation from Losses<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>This is the most fundamental basis. The heat generated by a transformer mainly comes from copper losses (load losses) and iron losses (no-load losses). The larger the capacity, the higher the losses and the stronger the heat dissipation demand:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Small-capacity transformers (low loss):<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>When the rated capacity is small (e.g., \\u2264500kVA for 10kV class, \\u22641000kVA for 35kV class), the heat generated by losses is small. Heat can be dissipated through the natural convection of transformer oil (hot oil rises, cold oil falls) and the natural convection between the casing\\\/radiator and air, without the need for additional cooling equipment. Therefore, ONAN is preferred.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Medium and large-capacity transformers (high loss):<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>When the capacity exceeds the above range (e.g., \\u2265800kVA for 10kV class, \\u22651600kVA for 35kV class), losses increase significantly, and the natural heat dissipation rate cannot match the heat generation. This may cause the oil temperature to exceed national standard limits (usually top oil temperature rise \\u226455K or 60K). In such cases, fans must be used to force air flow and accelerate heat dissipation, so ONAF is chosen.<\\\/p><p>\\u2461<strong>Operating Load Characteristics<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>The actual load rate and operation mode of the transformer directly affect heat dissipation requirements:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Low load rate or intermittent operation:<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>If the transformer operates at light load for a long time (load rate &lt; 50%) or only runs during short-term peak periods (e.g., rural distribution transformers), even if its capacity is slightly larger, the actual heat generation is low. The natural heat dissipation capacity of ONAN can meet the demand, and there is no need to waste energy on fans. Thus, ONAN is selected.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>High load rate or continuous full-load operation:<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>For transformers in industrial parks, urban core distribution networks, and other equipment that operate at full load for a long time or have large load fluctuations (needing to cope with short-term overload), heat generation remains high. ONAN cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements, so ONAF's forced air cooling via fans is necessary. Even during overload, fans can enhance heat dissipation capacity (usually supporting 10%-20% short-term overload). Hence, ONAF is chosen.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Installation Environment and Heat Dissipation Conditions<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Environmental factors directly affect the efficiency of natural heat dissipation, and cooling methods need to be adjusted according to scenarios:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Well-ventilated and low-temperature environments:<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>If the transformer is installed in an open outdoor area, high-altitude regions (low air density but good ventilation), or cold areas, the efficiency of natural convection heat dissipation is high. Even if the capacity is close to the critical value, ONAN can be prioritized.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Poorly ventilated and high-temperature environments:<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>If installed in enclosed distribution rooms, basements, tropical regions, or industrial environments with heavy dust\\\/oil pollution, natural heat dissipation is hindered. Even with a slightly smaller capacity, oil temperature may rise excessively due to poor heat dissipation conditions. In such cases, upgrading to ONAF is necessary to compensate for environmental defects through forced air flow by fans.<\\\/p><p>\\u2463<strong>Cost and Maintenance Requirements<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>There are significant differences in initial costs and operation\\\/maintenance costs between the two cooling methods:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Advantages of ONAN:<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>It has no fans or control circuits, resulting in a simpler structure. The initial procurement cost is low (5%-10% lower than ONAF of the same capacity), and there is no need for motor maintenance, making long-term operation and maintenance costs almost zero. It is suitable for scenarios sensitive to cost and with limited maintenance resources (e.g., rural power grids, small user transformers).<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Disadvantages and necessity of ONAF:<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>It requires additional configuration of fans, thermostats, and power circuits, leading to higher initial costs. Fan motors need regular inspection (dust cleaning, bearing lubrication), involving certain maintenance workload and energy consumption (fan power is usually tens to hundreds of watts). However, for medium and large-capacity transformers or those with insufficient heat dissipation conditions, these costs must be borne to ensure safe operation. Thus, ONAF is a \\\"necessary choice\\\" rather than a \\\"cost-priority choice.\\\"<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\"},\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"3b6302b\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"4da9555\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>According to international standards (such as IEC 60076), the design life of Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers is usually calculated as 20 years. This is the expected service life under the ideal condition of \\\"normal operating conditions + regular maintenance\\\", which refers to the time it takes for core components (iron core, windings, insulating oil) to age to a critical state within the design parameters.<\\\/p><p>Practical industry reference range: In actual power grid or industrial applications, it is a dynamic indicator affected by multiple factors such as design standards, operating conditions, and maintenance levels. The service life of transformers can generally reach 20-40 years.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"d41fa9f\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"0fd938a\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>The core limiting factor for Kete transformer lifespan is the aging rate of its insulation system (including winding insulation paper, insulating oil, and insulating components), which is determined by the following factors:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Operating Temperature (the most critical factor)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>\\u00b7The aging rate of insulating materials, especially paper insulation, has an exponential relationship with temperature. According to the \\\"thermal aging law,\\\" the insulation lifespan is halved for every 6-8\\u2103 increase in temperature.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7During normal operation, the maximum top oil temperature rise limit for oil-immersed transformers is typically 55K (ambient temperature + 55\\u2103). Long-term operation at excessive temperatures (e.g., top oil temperature exceeding 80\\u2103) accelerates the embrittlement of insulation paper and the cracking of insulating oil, significantly shortening the lifespan.<\\\/p><p>For example, if a transformer operating at full load or overload for a long time experiences cooling system failure leading to overheating, its lifespan may be reduced from 30 years to less than 15 years.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Quality and Condition of Insulating Oil<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Insulating oil primarily functions for insulation and heat dissipation, and its performance degradation directly affects the lifespan of the insulation system.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Excessive moisture, increased acid value, accumulated impurities, or sludge formation in the oil reduce insulation strength and accelerate winding corrosion and aging.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Failure to regularly filter, regenerate, or replace the oil (it is generally recommended to test every 3-5 years and replace or regenerate every 10-15 years) will cause premature failure of the insulation system.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Materials of Insulating Paper \\\/ Cardboard<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Ordinary wood pulp insulating paper: Its temperature resistance class is Class A (maximum allowable temperature: 105\\u2103). It is prone to hydrolysis in environments above 65\\u2103, with a service life of approximately 15-20 years.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Full cellulose insulating paper: It has better hydrolysis resistance and oxidation resistance, and its service life can be extended to 25-30 years.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7High-temperature resistant insulating paper (e.g., NOMEX paper): Its temperature resistance class reaches Class H (180\\u2103). It can withstand higher temperature fluctuations, making it suitable for high-temperature or frequent overload scenarios, with a service life of over 30 years.<\\\/p><p>\\u2463<strong>Load Characteristics and Operating Conditions<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Long-term high load rates, frequent overloads, or short-circuit impacts cause winding overheating and increased mechanical stress, accelerating insulation fatigue:<\\\/p><p>Rural power grid or industrial transformers that frequently withstand short-term overloads (e.g., motor startup impacts) are prone to insulation aging in windings due to thermal cycles and mechanical vibrations.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Short-circuit faults (e.g., line short circuits causing transformers to bear huge short-circuit currents) may result in winding deformation and insulation damage. Even after repair, hidden dangers may remain, shortening the remaining lifespan.<\\\/p><p>\\u2464<strong>Environmental Conditions<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>\\u00b7The installation environment directly affects the aging rate of insulation and components.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Humid, high-temperature, or highly polluted environments (with dust or chemically corrosive gases) accelerate insulation moisture absorption, oil degradation, and rusting of metal parts.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7In high-altitude areas (where air is thin and heat dissipation is poor), insufficient heat dissipation may lead to overheating if the transformer is not specially designed.<\\\/p><p>Locations with strong vibrations (e.g., industrial workshops near pumps or fans) exacerbate winding loosening and insulation wear.<\\\/p><p>\\u2465<strong>Maintenance Level<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Lack of regular inspections (such as oil quality testing, insulation resistance testing, and partial discharge detection) prevents early faults from being identified, allowing minor issues to evolve into major defects.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Unrepaired faults in cooling systems (fans, oil pumps) reduce heat dissipation efficiency and cause temperature rise.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Neglected maintenance of accessories like bushings and tap changers may trigger local overheating or insulation breakdown, indirectly affecting the overall lifespan.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2466<\\\/strong><strong>Manufacturing Process<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Excessive burrs on the edges of the iron core and misaligned laminations will lead to increased no-load loss and local overheating, which indirectly accelerates insulation aging; if the iron core annealing process fails to meet standards, it will cause a decrease in the magnetic permeability of the iron core and an increase in loss.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Irregular arrangement of winding wires will result in insufficient tightness of the windings, increased vibration during operation, and wear of the insulating paper; poor winding impregnation process will lead to air gaps inside the windings, causing partial discharge and damaging the insulation.<\\\/p><p>\\u00b7Sand holes at the welding joints of the oil tank and inadequate tightness testing will cause oil leakage during operation; unreasonable radiator design and insufficient heat dissipation area will lead to high top oil temperature of the transformer and accelerate insulation aging.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"09a50ce\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"f9d6bbd\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\"},\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"a831a3e\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"72df141\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Mineral insulating oil in Kete oil-immersed transformers plays multiple crucial roles in ensuring the safe and stable operation of transformers.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Excellent Insulating Performance for Electrical Safety<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>High Breakdown Strength:<\\\/strong> The breakdown voltage of mineral insulating oil is typically above 30kV (high-quality products can reach over 50kV), far exceeding that of air (approximately 3kV\\\/mm). This effectively isolates conductors at different potentials and prevents short-circuit faults caused by insulation breakdown.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Low Dielectric Loss and High Volume Resistivity:<\\\/strong> It has a small dielectric loss factor (tan\\u03b4), resulting in low energy loss under electric fields and reduced heat generation. Meanwhile, its high volume resistivity (usually &gt;10\\u00b9\\u2074\\u03a9\\u30fbcm) minimizes leakage current, further enhancing insulation reliability.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Filling Insulation Gaps:<\\\/strong> Solid insulating materials such as insulating paper and cardboard inside transformers have tiny pores. Mineral insulating oil can penetrate these pores, fill air gaps, avoid partial discharge caused by air ionization, and improve the overall dielectric strength of the insulation system.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Efficient Heat Dissipation to Maintain Stable Equipment Temperature Rise<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Good Thermal Conductivity:<\\\/strong> Its thermal conductivity is approximately 0.12-0.15 W\\\/(m\\u30fbK), much higher than that of air (about 0.026 W\\\/(m\\u30fbK)), enabling it to quickly absorb heat generated by windings and iron cores.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Convection Circulation Cooling:<\\\/strong> Heated insulating oil reduces in density, naturally rises to the radiator at the top of the transformer, exchanges heat with air through the radiator, cools down, and sinks, forming a circulation to continuously conduct heat out of the equipment.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Synergy with Cooling Systems:<\\\/strong> In large transformers, mineral insulating oil can work with forced oil circulation cooling systems (such as oil pumps and cooling fans) to further enhance heat dissipation efficiency, meeting the needs of high-load operation.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Strong Chemical Stability to Extend Equipment Lifespan<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Excellent Oxidation Resistance:<\\\/strong> Refined mineral insulating oil (e.g., derived from naphthenic or paraffinic crude oil) contains few impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen. It is not easily oxidized at high temperatures to form acids, colloids, or sludge, reducing corrosion and blockage of insulating materials.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Low Volatility:<\\\/strong> It has a high boiling point and low volatility, so it is not prone to oil reduction or performance degradation due to volatilization during long-term operation, reducing maintenance frequency.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Good Compatibility with Solid Insulation:<\\\/strong> It is well compatible with materials commonly used in transformers, such as cellulose paper and insulating cardboard, without chemical reactions that cause material aging, jointly maintaining the stability of the insulation system.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2463<\\\/strong><strong>Arc Quenching and Protection to Enhance Operational Safety<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Arc Quenching Function:<\\\/strong> When an arc is generated, the oil decomposes into gases such as hydrogen and methane, which can absorb arc energy. At the same time, the flow of oil can cool the arc area, quickly extinguishing the arc and preventing fault expansion.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Isolating Air and Moisture:<\\\/strong> The oil layer covers the surface of internal components, isolating oxygen and moisture in the air, avoiding moisture-induced rust of metal components such as iron cores and windings, and reducing the risk of insulation deterioration.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Fault Diagnosis Carrier:<\\\/strong> Insulating oil generates characteristic gases (such as acetylene and hydrogen) during faults. Through Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) technology, potential faults can be detected in advance, providing a basis for equipment condition assessment and maintenance.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2464<\\\/strong><strong>Advantages in Economy and Practicality<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Controllable Cost:<\\\/strong> Mineral insulating oil has wide raw material sources (based on petroleum refining), mature production processes, and relatively low prices, making it suitable for large-scale applications in various transformers (from distribution transformers to ultra-high voltage transformers).<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Convenient Maintenance: <\\\/strong>During normal operation, only regular monitoring of oil quality (such as moisture, dielectric loss, and breakdown voltage) is required. If necessary, filtration and regeneration treatments can restore its performance, with maintenance costs lower than some synthetic insulating oils.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Strong Adaptability:<\\\/strong> It can maintain stable performance over a wide temperature range (e.g., good fluidity at low temperatures and resistance to deterioration at high temperatures), adapting to the operational needs of different climate regions.<\\\/p><p>Mineral insulating oil provides comprehensive operational protection for transformers through its four core roles: insulation, heat dissipation, chemical stability, and arc quenching protection. It is an indispensable key material in power systems. Its performance is directly related to the lifespan, efficiency, and safety of transformers, so it still dominates the power industry (although synthetic insulating oils are increasingly used in specific scenarios, mineral oil remains one of the most cost-effective choices).<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\"},\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"5fb1d72\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"9f1b9a3\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Kete oil-immersed transformers typically adopt multi-level protection measures, covering internal self-protection design, external monitoring devices, and relay protection systems.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Protection Measures Against \\\"Overload\\\"<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Overload refers to the situation where the transformer\\u2019s load current exceeds the rated value for a long or short period, which may cause winding overheating and accelerated insulation aging. The main protection measures include:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Overload Protection (Relay Protection System)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Principle: Load current of the transformer is monitored by current transformers. When the current exceeds a certain multiple of the rated value (e.g., 1.2~1.5 times) and lasts for a set threshold, the protection action is triggered.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Internal Thermal Protection Design<\\\/strong><strong>: <\\\/strong>Including winding Conductor Selection and heat Dissipation Structure Optimization: Natural heat dissipation capacity is enhanced by increasing the oil tank volume and optimizing the layout of cooling fins, mitigating temperature rise during overload.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Protection Measures Against \\\"Overheating\\\"<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Overheating may be caused by overload, excessive core loss, or cooling system failures, requiring real-time monitoring and rapid response:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Temperature Monitoring Devices<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Oil Temperature Thermometer: Directly measures the upper oil temperature in the tank. An alarm is issued when the oil temperature exceeds 85\\u00b0C (typical set value).<\\\/p><p>Winding Thermometer: Simulates the winding hot-spot temperature (combining oil temperature and load current). Protection is triggered when the hot-spot temperature exceeds 105\\u00b0C.<\\\/p><p>Optical Fiber Temperature Measurement: In large transformers, optical fiber sensors are used to directly measure hot-spot temperatures of windings or cores, offering higher accuracy and faster response.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Cooling System Protection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Forced Cooling Assistance: Larger-capacity transformers are equipped with forced oil circulation air cooling (OFAF) or water cooling systems. These systems automatically start when oil temperature rises to enhance heat dissipation; if the cooling system fails (e.g., fan stops), an alarm is triggered or the load is reduced.<\\\/p><p>Buchholz Relay: Light gas action may occur when high oil temperature causes oil decomposition and generates a small amount of gas, issuing an alarm to prompt inspection of overheating causes.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Over-Temperature Trip Protection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>When the temperature continues to rise to a dangerous level (e.g., oil temperature exceeds 95\\u00b0C or winding hot-spot temperature exceeds 120\\u00b0C), the protection system directly cuts off the transformer power supply to prevent insulation breakdown.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Protection Measures Against \\\"Short Circuit\\\"<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Short circuits (including internal winding short circuits and external outlet short circuits) generate massive currents that may instantly damage the transformer, requiring rapid fault isolation:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Differential Protection (Main Protection)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Principle: Based on the principle that \\\"current flowing into the transformer equals current flowing out,\\\" current difference is measured by current transformers on both sides. An internal short circuit is determined when the differential current exceeds the set value.<\\\/p><p>Features: It acts rapidly (usually within tens of milliseconds) and can effectively distinguish between internal short circuits and external faults, serving as the core of transformer short-circuit protection.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Buchholz Protection (Exclusive to Internal Short Circuits)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Heavy Gas Action: When an internal winding short circuit occurs, high temperatures from the short-circuit current cause intense oil decomposition, generating a large amount of gas. This pushes the Buchholz relay to act, triggering an instantaneous trip to cut off the power supply and prevent fault expansion.<\\\/p><p>Application Scenario: Particularly suitable for internal faults such as inter-turn or inter-layer winding short circuits, serving as an important supplement to differential protection.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Overcurrent Protection (Backup Protection)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>External Short Circuit Protection: When an external short circuit occurs (e.g., outlet short circuit), overcurrent protection detects the overcurrent and trips with a delay (the delay must avoid the impact duration of the short-circuit current), preventing the transformer from enduring long-term short-circuit currents.<\\\/p><p>Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection: For close-range external short circuits, instantaneous overcurrent protection can trip without delay to quickly isolate the fault.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Current Limiting Measures<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Short-Circuit Impedance Design: Windings are designed with a specific short-circuit impedance to limit the amplitude of short-circuit currents, reducing mechanical stress on windings and cores caused by short-circuit impacts.<\\\/p><p>Winding Mechanical Reinforcement: A robust winding structure (e.g., reinforced insulation binding, support strip fixation) is adopted to enhance mechanical strength against short-circuit impacts.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2463<\\\/strong><strong>Comprehensive Protection and Auxiliary Measures<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Grounding Protection:<\\\/strong> The transformer neutral point is grounded or grounded via an arc suppression coil. In case of a single-phase ground short circuit, zero-sequence current protection detects the fault and trips to prevent overvoltage damage to equipment.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Backup Protection Coordination:<\\\/strong> Overload protection, overcurrent protection, etc., act as backups to provide safeguards when main protection fails, forming a multi-layered defense of \\\"main protection + backup protection.\\\"<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Online Monitoring System:<\\\/strong> Intelligent transformers are equipped with condition monitoring devices that collect real-time data on oil temperature, oil level, gas composition, partial discharge, etc. Potential faults are predicted through data analysis, enabling early warning of short-circuit or overheating risks.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\"},\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"8387c87\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"8e6122e\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Kete oil-immersed transformers can be customized in multiple aspects to meet the specific needs of different customers.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>Rated Power and Transformation Ratio:<\\\/strong> According to the customer's power consumption requirements, the rated power and transformation ratio of the transformer can be adjusted to ensure the output of appropriate voltage and meet the needs of different loads.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Overall Dimensions:<\\\/strong> If the customer's installation space is limited, manufacturers can customize transformers with special dimensions based on actual conditions to enable them to better adapt to the installation environment.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462<\\\/strong><strong>Accessories and Wiring Methods:<\\\/strong> Corresponding accessories such as junction boxes, temperature probes, and gas relays can be provided according to customer requirements, and reasonable wiring methods can be designed to facilitate customers' installation and use.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2463<\\\/strong><strong>Winding Material:<\\\/strong> Some oil-immersed transformers offer two winding materials, full copper and full aluminum, for users to choose from. Full-copper transformers have good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, which can reduce resistance and temperature rise; full-aluminum transformers, on the other hand, are lighter in weight and have excellent corrosion resistance.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2464<\\\/strong><strong>Insulation Material:<\\\/strong> High-temperature-resistant insulation materials can be selected to meet the insulation performance requirements under special environments or operating conditions, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the transformer.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2465<\\\/strong><strong>Protection Level:<\\\/strong> For some special application environments, such as high-temperature, high-humidity, polluted areas, or offshore platforms, the protection level of the transformer can be improved through special design to make it adapt to harsh operating environments.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2466<\\\/strong><strong>Heat Dissipation Method:<\\\/strong> According to the capacity and usage environment of the transformer, the heat dissipation design can be optimized. For example, special oil channel design, increasing the number of cooling fins, or adopting forced air cooling can be used to improve heat dissipation efficiency and reduce the temperature rise of the transformer.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2467<\\\/strong><strong>Winding Structure:<\\\/strong> For instance, for low-voltage and high-current windings, copper foil winding can be adopted. On one hand, it reduces the transverse leakage flux of the winding to decrease eddy current loss; on the other hand, it improves the transformer's ability to withstand sudden short circuits.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\"},\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true}]},{\"id\":\"0ff856d\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2161.<\\\/strong><strong>After-sales maintenance<\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"020\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":65,\"sizes\":[]},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=7268ef8\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"},{\"id\":\"35cf19d\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"widgetType\":\"nested-accordion\",\"settings\":{\"items\":[{\"item_title\":\"1.What is included in Kete's warranty coverage during the warranty period? And how are the costs borne?\",\"_id\":\"1d2b564\"},{\"item_title\":\"2.Will Kete provide guidance documents for installation?\",\"_id\":\"6187cb3\"},{\"item_title\":\"3.If maintenance is required and spare parts are purchased from Kete, how long will it take for the spare parts to arrive?\",\"_id\":\"9244a66\"},{\"item_title\":\"4.How to handle emergency maintenance requests, and what is the typical response time?\",\"_id\":\"b474fe0\"},{\"item_title\":\"5.What kind of after-sales support can Kete provide, including troubleshooting and maintenance services?\",\"_id\":\"bab7d20\"},{\"item_title\":\"6.Can Kete provide options for service contracts or extended warranty periods?\",\"_id\":\"a2a227a\"},{\"item_title\":\"7.How should the oil in Kete oil-immersed transformers be inspected, maintained?\",\"_id\":\"668e117\"}],\"accordion_item_title_icon\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-angle-right\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"accordion_item_title_icon_active\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-angle-down\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"default_state\":\"all_collapsed\",\"max_items_expended\":\"multiple\",\"accordion_item_title_space_between\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"accordion_background_normal_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_normal_color\":\"#F2F2F2\",\"accordion_background_hover_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_hover_color\":\"#0055AA\",\"accordion_background_active_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_active_color\":\"#0055AA\",\"title_typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"title_typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"title_typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":14,\"sizes\":[]},\"title_typography_font_weight\":\"600\",\"hover_title_color\":\"#FFFFFF\",\"active_title_color\":\"#FFFFFF\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"title_typography_typography\":\"\",\"accordion_background_hover_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=primary\",\"hover_title_color\":\"\",\"active_title_color\":\"\",\"accordion_background_active_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=primary\",\"accordion_background_normal_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=556a01c\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"8db37d5\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"87480e7\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Our company's warranty coverage includes performance failures caused by material defects or manufacturing process issues, such as cabinet water leakage, insulation failure, abnormal switch operation, etc.<\\\/p><p>We provide spare parts for maintenance free of charge, and will dispatch technical personnel for on-site inspection and repair if necessary, with travel expenses borne by the supplier.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"f40cd7f\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"2f33eab\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>For large transformers that require the removal of some accessories to fit into containers, we will provide an installation video and an electronic version of the installation instructions.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"a349b2f\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"7480d7f\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>If the customer needs to purchase spare parts from our company, the goods can generally be shipped within 2-7 days.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"05bb81a\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"4e882a7\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>24\\\/7 technical support hotline, ensuring a fault time of \\u2264 2 hours.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\"},\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"0d9ad48\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"8572058\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>During the warranty period, regular return visits (once every 3 months) will be conducted to provide operation status testing and maintenance recommendations.<\\\/p><p>After the warranty period expires, lifelong maintenance services at cost price and spare parts supply can be provided.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"fee700e\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"26f8b2b\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Yes, we can. Generally, the warranty period for our products is one year. If an extension of the warranty period is required, we will increase the price by a certain profit margin based on the existing price accordingly.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"028283b\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"2954e81\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>The insulating oil for oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers (referred to as \\\"transformer oil\\\") is a core medium ensuring the safe operation of transformers, with three major functions: insulation, cooling, and arc extinguishing. Deterioration in its performance may lead to insulation failure, overheating, or even explosions of transformers. Therefore, regular testing and scientific maintenance are crucial.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460Core Testing Items for Transformer Oil<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Testing of transformer oil should combine regular preventive tests and operational condition monitoring. Key items are as follows:<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Routine Physicochemical Property Testing (Basic Indicators):<\\\/strong> Appearance and Odor, moisture Content (Trace Water), kinematic Viscosity, acid Value<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Electrical Performance Testing (Key Safety Indicators):<\\\/strong> Breakdown Voltage, dielectric Loss Factor (tan\\u03b4)<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Analysis of Dissolved Gases in Oil<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Principle: Internal faults in transformers (such as local overheating or arc discharge) generate characteristic gases (e.g., H\\u2082, CH\\u2084, C\\u2082H\\u2082, CO), which dissolve in the oil. The type of fault can be judged by detecting the composition and concentration of these gases.<\\\/p><p>Testing Frequency: Once after new installation or major repair; for operating transformers, once every 3 months for 330kV and above, and once every 6 months for 110kV-class.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Other Specialized Tests<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Antioxidant content: For oil added with T501 antioxidant, its content should be tested (usually maintained at 0.3%~0.5%) and supplemented if insufficient.<\\\/p><p>Sludge and sediment: Sludge may form in oil after long-term operation, affecting heat dissipation and insulation. It can be detected by centrifugation or filtration.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461Daily Maintenance Measures for Transformer Oil<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Oil Storage and Replenishment Management<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Oil Storage Requirements: Transformer oil should be stored in sealed dedicated oil tanks to avoid direct sunlight, moisture, and impurity contamination. New oil can only be used after passing inspection.<\\\/p><p>Oil Replenishment Principles: Before replenishment, confirm that the brand and performance indicators of new oil are consistent with operating oil (especially breakdown voltage and acid value). Avoid mixing different types of oil (e.g., mineral oil and synthetic oil).<\\\/p><p>During replenishment, use an oil filter to remove impurities and moisture. After replenishment, bleed air to prevent bubbles from affecting insulation.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Oil Purification Treatment<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>When oil quality deteriorates but is not severely invalid, purification can be performed through the following methods:<\\\/p><p>Vacuum oil filtration: Removes moisture and mechanical impurities from the oil, suitable for cases where moisture exceeds the standard or breakdown voltage is slightly low.<\\\/p><p>Adsorption filtration: Uses adsorbents such as silica gel and activated alumina to remove acids, pigments, and sludge, reducing acid value and dielectric loss.<\\\/p><p>Regeneration treatment: For oil with excessively high acid value or severe oxidation, chemical regeneration methods (e.g., alkali washing) can be used to restore performance. However, the treatment process must be strictly controlled to avoid secondary pollution.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Auxiliary Maintenance of Transformer Body<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Breather maintenance: Silica gel in the breather should be inspected regularly. Replace it promptly when it becomes damp and discolored (from blue to red) to prevent moisture from entering the oil tank.<\\\/p><p>Seal inspection: Regularly check the sealing of oil tanks, valves, bushings, etc., to avoid oil leakage and water ingress (replace gaskets promptly if leakage is found).<\\\/p><p>Temperature control: Ensure the transformer cooling system (fans, oil pumps) operates normally to prevent excessive oil temperature from accelerating oil aging (top oil temperature should generally not exceed 85\\u2103).<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Oil Change Cycle and Standards<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>When multiple indicators of the oil seriously exceed the standard (e.g., breakdown voltage continues to be lower than the standard value, acid value &gt; 0.2mgKOH\\\/g, or a large amount of sludge is generated) and purification treatment fails to restore performance, an overall oil change is required.<\\\/p><p>During the oil change, old oil must be completely drained, the oil tank and components cleaned, and new oil injected. After circulating filtration and passing electrical tests, the transformer can be put into operation.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2462Precautions<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Oil Sample Collection Specifications<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Special sampling tools (glass or stainless steel containers) must be used. Before sampling, rinse with the oil to be sampled at least 3 times.<\\\/p><p>Select sampling points at the bottom of the oil tank or oil drain valve (drain bottom sediment first). Avoid sampling on rainy days or when humidity &gt; 85%.<\\\/p><p>Label oil samples with equipment name, sampling time, temperature, etc., and send them to the laboratory for testing as soon as possible (storage time should not exceed 72 hours).<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Data Comparison and Analysis<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Test results should be compared with historical data and data from similar equipment. Focus on \\\"trend changes\\\" (e.g., sustained increase in acid value or gas concentration) rather than whether a single value meets the standard.<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7Safety Protection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p>Transformer oil is flammable. Keep away from fire sources during testing and maintenance, and use explosion-proof tools.<\\\/p><p>Wash hands promptly after contact with oil samples, and avoid long-term skin contact (some additives may be irritating).<\\\/p><p>Through the above systematic testing and maintenance, the service life of transformer oil can be effectively extended, and the safe and stable operation of transformers can be guaranteed.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\"},\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true}]},{\"id\":\"685f6bb\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2162.<\\\/strong><strong>Delivery and Payment<\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"020\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":65,\"sizes\":[]},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=7268ef8\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"},{\"id\":\"400c4e4\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"widgetType\":\"nested-accordion\",\"settings\":{\"items\":[{\"item_title\":\"1.What is the manufacturing and delivery lead time for Kete oil-immersed transformers?\",\"_id\":\"1d2b564\"},{\"item_title\":\"2.What is the packaging for Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers?\",\"_id\":\"6187cb3\"},{\"item_title\":\"3.What are the payment terms for Kete transformers?\",\"_id\":\"9244a66\"},{\"item_title\":\"4.What are the delivery terms for the bulk shipment of Kete transformers?\",\"_id\":\"b474fe0\"}],\"accordion_item_title_icon\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-angle-right\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"accordion_item_title_icon_active\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-angle-down\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"default_state\":\"all_collapsed\",\"max_items_expended\":\"multiple\",\"accordion_item_title_space_between\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"accordion_background_normal_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_normal_color\":\"#F2F2F2\",\"accordion_background_hover_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_hover_color\":\"#0055AA\",\"accordion_background_active_background\":\"classic\",\"accordion_background_active_color\":\"#0055AA\",\"title_typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"title_typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"title_typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":14,\"sizes\":[]},\"title_typography_font_weight\":\"600\",\"hover_title_color\":\"#FFFFFF\",\"active_title_color\":\"#FFFFFF\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"title_typography_typography\":\"\",\"accordion_background_hover_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=primary\",\"hover_title_color\":\"\",\"active_title_color\":\"\",\"accordion_background_active_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=primary\",\"accordion_background_normal_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=556a01c\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"13a21e2\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"a9edb1f\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Generally speaking, if the customer provides detailed design drawings and specification requirements, transformers below 2500KVA can be completed within approximately 20 days; transformers above 2500KVA usually take about 30 to 40 days. The specific lead time depends on the complexity of the transformer.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"b2e3ee1\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"563c289\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>For bulk cargo, we will use wooden cases for packaging; for full containers, we will use wooden pallets to reinforce the packaging.<\\\/p><p>If you have legally registered patent, we can pack the goods in your branded boxes after getting your authorization letters.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"febed70\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"577268c\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>\\u2460T\\\/T 30% as deposit, and 70% before delivery.<\\\/p><p>\\u2461LC at sight<\\\/p><p>\\u2462DP at sight<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true},{\"id\":\"84549c5\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"_title\":\"\\u9879\\u76ee #1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"eb70847\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>EXW, FOB, CFR, CIF or some other delivery terms inquired by customers.<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\"},\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true}]},{\"id\":\"40ce24e\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p><strong>\\u2163.<\\\/strong><strong>Systems and Certifications<\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family\":\"Arial\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":16,\"sizes\":[]},\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":20,\"sizes\":[]},\"paragraph_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":10,\"sizes\":[]},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"020\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_element_width\":\"initial\",\"_element_custom_width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":65,\"sizes\":[]},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"globals\\\/colors?id=7268ef8\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"},{\"id\":\"dee0114\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"widgetType\":\"nested-accordion\",\"settings\":{\"items\":[{\"item_title\":\"1.Does the design of Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers comply with specific industry standards and certifications?\",\"_id\":\"1d2b564\"}],\"accordion_item_title_icon\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-angle-right\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"accordion_item_title_icon_active\":{\"value\":\"fas 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#1\",\"content_width\":\"full\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"__globals__\":{\"background_color\":\"\"}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"c9d5aa0\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p>Kete Oil-Immersed Transformers Meet Various International Standards, National Standards, and Core Certification Systems<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2460<\\\/strong><strong>General Standards: IEC 60076, GB 1094<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u2461<\\\/strong><strong>Key Certification Systems<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Chinese Certifications:<\\\/strong> CCC Certification, ISO System Certification<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>EU Certification:<\\\/strong> CE Certification<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>US Certification:<\\\/strong> UL Certification<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Canadian Certification:<\\\/strong> GSA Certification<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>Russian Certification:<\\\/strong> Gost Certification<\\\/p><p><strong>\\u00b7<\\\/strong><strong>African Certification:<\\\/strong> COC Certification<\\\/p>\",\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"__globals__\":{\"typography_typography\":\"globals\\\/typography?id=d06f507\"}},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true}]}],\"isInner\":true,\"isLocked\":true}]}],\"isInner\":false}]"],"_uag_page_assets":["a:9:{s:3:\"css\";s:263:\".uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media (max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media (max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) 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id=\\\"e-n-tab-content-649863462\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-tab-title-649863462\\\" data-tab-index=\\\"2\\\" style=\\\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\\\" class=\\\" elementor-element elementor-element-2e2154e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"2e2154e\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f27574 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\\\" data-id=\\\"0f27574\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"heading.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<h2 class=\\\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\\\">Structural Features<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" 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\\\/>\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<div id=\\\"e-n-tab-content-649863464\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-tab-title-649863464\\\" data-tab-index=\\\"4\\\" style=\\\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\\\" class=\\\" elementor-element elementor-element-265fa39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"265fa39\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-73d198a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\\\" data-id=\\\"73d198a\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"heading.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<h2 class=\\\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\\\">Specification<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-de4a9c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\\\" data-id=\\\"de4a9c0\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"nested-accordion.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-n-accordion\\\" aria-label=\\\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"1\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> Customizable 10kV SH15\\\/SH21\\\/SH25 oil-immersed amorphous alloy core distribution transformer <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2330\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf0179b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"bf0179b\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f85fed elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\\\" data-id=\\\"0f85fed\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"html.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<style type=\\\"text\\\/css\\\">\\r\\n.table-responsive {\\r\\n  width: 100%;\\r\\n  overflow-x: auto; \\\/* \\u5c0f\\u5c4f\\u5e55\\u53ef\\u6a2a\\u5411\\u6eda\\u52a8 *\\\/\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\\\/* \\u8868\\u683c\\u57fa\\u7840\\u6837\\u5f0f *\\\/\\r\\n.tg  {\\r\\n  border-collapse: collapse;\\r\\n  border-spacing: 0;\\r\\n  min-width: 800px; \\\/* \\u9632\\u6b62\\u8868\\u683c\\u88ab\\u538b\\u7f29\\u5f97\\u592a\\u5c0f *\\\/\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n.tg td, .tg th {\\r\\n  border-color: black;\\r\\n  border-style: solid;\\r\\n  border-width: 1px;\\r\\n  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\\r\\n  font-size: 14px;\\r\\n  overflow: hidden;\\r\\n  padding: 10px 5px;\\r\\n  text-align: center;\\r\\n  vertical-align: top;\\r\\n  word-break: normal;\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n.tg th {\\r\\n  font-weight: normal;\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n.tg .tg-4fhu {\\r\\n  background-color: #FFF;\\r\\n  color: #212529;\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\\\/* \\u5e73\\u677f\\u9002\\u914d *\\\/\\r\\n@media (max-width: 1024px) {\\r\\n  .tg td, .tg th {\\r\\n    font-size: 13px;\\r\\n    padding: 8px 4px;\\r\\n  }\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\\\/* \\u624b\\u673a\\u9002\\u914d *\\\/\\r\\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\\r\\n  .tg td, .tg th {\\r\\n    font-size: 12px;\\r\\n    padding: 6px 3px;\\r\\n  }\\r\\n}\\r\\n<\\\/style>\\r\\n\\r\\n<div class=\\\"table-responsive\\\">\\r\\n<table class=\\\"tg\\\">\\r\\n<thead>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n<style type=\\\"text\\\/css\\\">\\r\\n.tg  {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;}\\r\\n.tg td{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;\\r\\n  overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;}\\r\\n.tg th{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;\\r\\n  font-weight:normal;overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;}\\r\\n.tg .tg-baqh{text-align:center;vertical-align:top}\\r\\n.tg .tg-wa1i{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}\\r\\n.tg .tg-nrix{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}\\r\\n<\\\/style>\\r\\n<table class=\\\"tg\\\"><thead>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">Rated Capacity<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">H.V.<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">L.V.<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">Connection symbol<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" colspan=\\\"3\\\">No-load loss\\uff08w)<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" colspan=\\\"3\\\">On-load loss(w)<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">Short circuit impedance<\\\/th>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S15<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S21<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S25<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S15<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S21<\\\/th>\\r\\n    <th class=\\\"tg-wa1i\\\">S25<\\\/th>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr><\\\/thead>\\r\\n<tbody>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">30<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"19\\\">6<br><br><br>6.3<br><br><br>10<br><br><br>10.5<br><br><br>11<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"19\\\">0.4<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"19\\\">Dyn11<br><br><br><br><br>Yyn0<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">33<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">33<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">25<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">630\\\/660<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">535\\\/510<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">510\\\/480<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"12\\\">4<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">50<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">43<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">43<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">35<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">910\\\/870<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">780\\\/745<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">735\\\/700<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">63<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">50<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">50<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">40<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1090\\\/1040<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">930\\\/890<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">880\\\/840<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">80<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">60<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">60<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">50<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1310\\\/1250<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1120\\\/1070<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1060\\\/1010<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">100<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">75<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">75<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">60<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1580\\\/1500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1350\\\/1285<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1270\\\/1215<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">125<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">85<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">85<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">70<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1890\\\/1800<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1615\\\/1540<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1530\\\/1450<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">160<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">100<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">100<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">80<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">2310\\\/2200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1975\\\/1880<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">1870\\\/1780<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">120<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">120<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">95<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">2730\\\/2600<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">2330\\\/2225<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">2210\\\/2100<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">250<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">140<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">140<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">110<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">3200\\\/3050<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">2735\\\/2610<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">2590\\\/2470<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">315<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">170<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">170<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">135<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">3830\\\/3650<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">3275\\\/3120<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">3100\\\/2950<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">400<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">160<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">4520\\\/4300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">3865\\\/3675<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">3660\\\/3480<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">240<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">240<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">190<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">5410\\\/5150<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">4625\\\/4400<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-baqh\\\">4380\\\/4170<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">630<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">320<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">320<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">250<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">6200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">5300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">5020<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"5\\\">4.5<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">800<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">380<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">380<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">7500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">6415<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">6075<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1000<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">450<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">450<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">360<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">10300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">8800<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">8340<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1250<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">530<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">530<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">425<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">12000<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">10260<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">9720<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">1600<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">630<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">630<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">14500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">12400<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">11745<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">2000<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">720<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">710<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">550<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">18300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">14800<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">14000<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\" rowspan=\\\"2\\\">5<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n  <tr>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">2500<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">865<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">860<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">670<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">21200<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">16300<\\\/td>\\r\\n    <td class=\\\"tg-nrix\\\">15450<\\\/td>\\r\\n  <\\\/tr>\\r\\n<\\\/tbody><\\\/table>   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src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\\u4ee5\\u4e0a-2-1024x819.webp\\\" class=\\\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4851\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" srcset=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\\u4ee5\\u4e0a-2-1024x819.webp 1024w, https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\\u4ee5\\u4e0a-2-300x240.webp 300w, https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\\u4ee5\\u4e0a-2-768x614.webp 768w, https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\\u4ee5\\u4e0a-2-1536x1229.webp 1536w, https:\\\/\\\/www.ketetransformer.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/06-35-10-0.4-1600kva\\u4ee5\\u4e0a-2-600x480.webp 600w, 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FAQs<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-d080af3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\\\" data-id=\\\"d080af3\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"nested-accordion.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-n-accordion\\\" aria-label=\\\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2180\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"1\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2180\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 1.What are the rated voltage and power of the Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformer? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2180\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-05eeb49 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"05eeb49\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2181\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"2\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2181\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 2.What type of cooling system does the Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformer use? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2181\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b6bfdb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"9b6bfdb\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" 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data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2187\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"8\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2187\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 8.What type of oil is used in Kete oil-immersed transformers? What advantages does this type of oil have? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2187\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-a831a3e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"a831a3e\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"72df141","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<p>Mineral insulating oil in Kete oil-immersed transformers plays multiple crucial roles in ensuring the safe and stable operation of transformers.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Excellent Insulating Performance for Electrical Safety<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>High Breakdown Strength:<\/strong> The breakdown voltage of mineral insulating oil is typically above 30kV (high-quality products can reach over 50kV), far exceeding that of air (approximately 3kV\/mm). This effectively isolates conductors at different potentials and prevents short-circuit faults caused by insulation breakdown.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Low Dielectric Loss and High Volume Resistivity:<\/strong> It has a small dielectric loss factor (tan\u03b4), resulting in low energy loss under electric fields and reduced heat generation. Meanwhile, its high volume resistivity (usually &gt;10\u00b9\u2074\u03a9\u30fbcm) minimizes leakage current, further enhancing insulation reliability.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Filling Insulation Gaps:<\/strong> Solid insulating materials such as insulating paper and cardboard inside transformers have tiny pores. Mineral insulating oil can penetrate these pores, fill air gaps, avoid partial discharge caused by air ionization, and improve the overall dielectric strength of the insulation system.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Efficient Heat Dissipation to Maintain Stable Equipment Temperature Rise<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Good Thermal Conductivity:<\/strong> Its thermal conductivity is approximately 0.12-0.15 W\/(m\u30fbK), much higher than that of air (about 0.026 W\/(m\u30fbK)), enabling it to quickly absorb heat generated by windings and iron cores.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Convection Circulation Cooling:<\/strong> Heated insulating oil reduces in density, naturally rises to the radiator at the top of the transformer, exchanges heat with air through the radiator, cools down, and sinks, forming a circulation to continuously conduct heat out of the equipment.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Synergy with Cooling Systems:<\/strong> In large transformers, mineral insulating oil can work with forced oil circulation cooling systems (such as oil pumps and cooling fans) to further enhance heat dissipation efficiency, meeting the needs of high-load operation.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Strong Chemical Stability to Extend Equipment Lifespan<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Excellent Oxidation Resistance:<\/strong> Refined mineral insulating oil (e.g., derived from naphthenic or paraffinic crude oil) contains few impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen. It is not easily oxidized at high temperatures to form acids, colloids, or sludge, reducing corrosion and blockage of insulating materials.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Low Volatility:<\/strong> It has a high boiling point and low volatility, so it is not prone to oil reduction or performance degradation due to volatilization during long-term operation, reducing maintenance frequency.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Good Compatibility with Solid Insulation:<\/strong> It is well compatible with materials commonly used in transformers, such as cellulose paper and insulating cardboard, without chemical reactions that cause material aging, jointly maintaining the stability of the insulation system.<\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Arc Quenching and Protection to Enhance Operational Safety<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Arc Quenching Function:<\/strong> When an arc is generated, the oil decomposes into gases such as hydrogen and methane, which can absorb arc energy. At the same time, the flow of oil can cool the arc area, quickly extinguishing the arc and preventing fault expansion.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Isolating Air and Moisture:<\/strong> The oil layer covers the surface of internal components, isolating oxygen and moisture in the air, avoiding moisture-induced rust of metal components such as iron cores and windings, and reducing the risk of insulation deterioration.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Fault Diagnosis Carrier:<\/strong> Insulating oil generates characteristic gases (such as acetylene and hydrogen) during faults. Through Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) technology, potential faults can be detected in advance, providing a basis for equipment condition assessment and maintenance.<\/p><p><strong>\u2464<\/strong><strong>Advantages in Economy and Practicality<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Controllable Cost:<\/strong> Mineral insulating oil has wide raw material sources (based on petroleum refining), mature production processes, and relatively low prices, making it suitable for large-scale applications in various transformers (from distribution transformers to ultra-high voltage transformers).<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Convenient Maintenance: <\/strong>During normal operation, only regular monitoring of oil quality (such as moisture, dielectric loss, and breakdown voltage) is required. If necessary, filtration and regeneration treatments can restore its performance, with maintenance costs lower than some synthetic insulating oils.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Strong Adaptability:<\/strong> It can maintain stable performance over a wide temperature range (e.g., good fluidity at low temperatures and resistance to deterioration at high temperatures), adapting to the operational needs of different climate regions.<\/p><p>Mineral insulating oil provides comprehensive operational protection for transformers through its four core roles: insulation, heat dissipation, chemical stability, and arc quenching protection. It is an indispensable key material in power systems. Its performance is directly related to the lifespan, efficiency, and safety of transformers, so it still dominates the power industry (although synthetic insulating oils are increasingly used in specific scenarios, mineral oil remains one of the most cost-effective choices).<\/p>","_padding":{"unit":"px","top":"20","right":"0","bottom":"0","left":"0","isLinked":false},"__globals__":{"typography_typography":""},"typography_typography":"custom","typography_font_family":"Arial","typography_font_size":{"unit":"px","size":16,"sizes":[]},"typography_line_height":{"unit":"px","size":20,"sizes":[]},"paragraph_spacing":{"unit":"px","size":20,"sizes":[]}},"elements":[],"widgetType":"text-editor"}\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2188\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"9\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2188\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 9.What protective measures does the Kete oil-immersed transformer have against overload, overheating, and short circuits? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2188\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fb1d72 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"5fb1d72\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"9f1b9a3","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<p>Kete oil-immersed transformers typically adopt multi-level protection measures, covering internal self-protection design, external monitoring devices, and relay protection systems.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460<\/strong><strong>Protection Measures Against \"Overload\"<\/strong><\/p><p>Overload refers to the situation where the transformer\u2019s load current exceeds the rated value for a long or short period, which may cause winding overheating and accelerated insulation aging. The main protection measures include:<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Overload Protection (Relay Protection System)<\/strong><\/p><p>Principle: Load current of the transformer is monitored by current transformers. When the current exceeds a certain multiple of the rated value (e.g., 1.2~1.5 times) and lasts for a set threshold, the protection action is triggered.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Internal Thermal Protection Design<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>Including winding Conductor Selection and heat Dissipation Structure Optimization: Natural heat dissipation capacity is enhanced by increasing the oil tank volume and optimizing the layout of cooling fins, mitigating temperature rise during overload.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461<\/strong><strong>Protection Measures Against \"Overheating\"<\/strong><\/p><p>Overheating may be caused by overload, excessive core loss, or cooling system failures, requiring real-time monitoring and rapid response:<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Temperature Monitoring Devices<\/strong><\/p><p>Oil Temperature Thermometer: Directly measures the upper oil temperature in the tank. An alarm is issued when the oil temperature exceeds 85\u00b0C (typical set value).<\/p><p>Winding Thermometer: Simulates the winding hot-spot temperature (combining oil temperature and load current). Protection is triggered when the hot-spot temperature exceeds 105\u00b0C.<\/p><p>Optical Fiber Temperature Measurement: In large transformers, optical fiber sensors are used to directly measure hot-spot temperatures of windings or cores, offering higher accuracy and faster response.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Cooling System Protection<\/strong><\/p><p>Forced Cooling Assistance: Larger-capacity transformers are equipped with forced oil circulation air cooling (OFAF) or water cooling systems. These systems automatically start when oil temperature rises to enhance heat dissipation; if the cooling system fails (e.g., fan stops), an alarm is triggered or the load is reduced.<\/p><p>Buchholz Relay: Light gas action may occur when high oil temperature causes oil decomposition and generates a small amount of gas, issuing an alarm to prompt inspection of overheating causes.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Over-Temperature Trip Protection<\/strong><\/p><p>When the temperature continues to rise to a dangerous level (e.g., oil temperature exceeds 95\u00b0C or winding hot-spot temperature exceeds 120\u00b0C), the protection system directly cuts off the transformer power supply to prevent insulation breakdown.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462<\/strong><strong>Protection Measures Against \"Short Circuit\"<\/strong><\/p><p>Short circuits (including internal winding short circuits and external outlet short circuits) generate massive currents that may instantly damage the transformer, requiring rapid fault isolation:<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Differential Protection (Main Protection)<\/strong><\/p><p>Principle: Based on the principle that \"current flowing into the transformer equals current flowing out,\" current difference is measured by current transformers on both sides. An internal short circuit is determined when the differential current exceeds the set value.<\/p><p>Features: It acts rapidly (usually within tens of milliseconds) and can effectively distinguish between internal short circuits and external faults, serving as the core of transformer short-circuit protection.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Buchholz Protection (Exclusive to Internal Short Circuits)<\/strong><\/p><p>Heavy Gas Action: When an internal winding short circuit occurs, high temperatures from the short-circuit current cause intense oil decomposition, generating a large amount of gas. This pushes the Buchholz relay to act, triggering an instantaneous trip to cut off the power supply and prevent fault expansion.<\/p><p>Application Scenario: Particularly suitable for internal faults such as inter-turn or inter-layer winding short circuits, serving as an important supplement to differential protection.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Overcurrent Protection (Backup Protection)<\/strong><\/p><p>External Short Circuit Protection: When an external short circuit occurs (e.g., outlet short circuit), overcurrent protection detects the overcurrent and trips with a delay (the delay must avoid the impact duration of the short-circuit current), preventing the transformer from enduring long-term short-circuit currents.<\/p><p>Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection: For close-range external short circuits, instantaneous overcurrent protection can trip without delay to quickly isolate the fault.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Current Limiting Measures<\/strong><\/p><p>Short-Circuit Impedance Design: Windings are designed with a specific short-circuit impedance to limit the amplitude of short-circuit currents, reducing mechanical stress on windings and cores caused by short-circuit impacts.<\/p><p>Winding Mechanical Reinforcement: A robust winding structure (e.g., reinforced insulation binding, support strip fixation) is adopted to enhance mechanical strength against short-circuit impacts.<\/p><p><strong>\u2463<\/strong><strong>Comprehensive Protection and Auxiliary Measures<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Grounding Protection:<\/strong> The transformer neutral point is grounded or grounded via an arc suppression coil. In case of a single-phase ground short circuit, zero-sequence current protection detects the fault and trips to prevent overvoltage damage to equipment.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Backup Protection Coordination:<\/strong> Overload protection, overcurrent protection, etc., act as backups to provide safeguards when main protection fails, forming a multi-layered defense of \"main protection + backup protection.\"<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7<\/strong><strong>Online Monitoring System:<\/strong> Intelligent transformers are equipped with condition monitoring devices that collect real-time data on oil temperature, oil level, gas composition, partial discharge, etc. Potential faults are predicted through data analysis, enabling early warning of short-circuit or overheating risks.<\/p>","_padding":{"unit":"px","top":"20","right":"0","bottom":"0","left":"0","isLinked":false},"__globals__":{"typography_typography":""},"typography_typography":"custom","typography_font_family":"Arial","typography_font_size":{"unit":"px","size":16,"sizes":[]},"typography_line_height":{"unit":"px","size":20,"sizes":[]},"paragraph_spacing":{"unit":"px","size":20,"sizes":[]}},"elements":[],"widgetType":"text-editor"}\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2189\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"10\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2189\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 10.What aspects of Kete oil-immersed transformers can be customized? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-2189\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-8387c87 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"8387c87\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" 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elementor-element-35cf19d elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\\\" data-id=\\\"35cf19d\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"nested-accordion.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-n-accordion\\\" aria-label=\\\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5640\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"1\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5640\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 1.What is included in Kete's warranty coverage during the warranty period? And how are the costs borne? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5640\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-8db37d5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"8db37d5\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5641\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"2\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5641\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 2.Will Kete provide guidance documents for installation? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5641\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-f40cd7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"f40cd7f\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5642\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"3\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5642\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 3.If maintenance is required and spare parts are purchased from Kete, how long will it take for the spare parts to arrive? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5642\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-a349b2f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"a349b2f\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"eyJpZCI6Ijc0ODBkN2YiLCJlbFR5cGUiOiJ3aWRnZXQiLCJzZXR0aW5ncyI6eyJlZGl0b3IiOiI8cD5JZiB0aGUgY3VzdG9tZXIgbmVlZHMgdG8gcHVyY2hhc2Ugc3BhcmUgcGFydHMgZnJvbSBvdXIgY29tcGFueSwgdGhlIGdvb2RzIGNhbiBnZW5lcmFsbHkgYmUgc2hpcHBlZCB3aXRoaW4gMi03IGRheXMuPFwvcD4iLCJfcGFkZGluZyI6eyJ1bml0IjoicHgiLCJ0b3AiOiIyMCIsInJpZ2h0IjoiMCIsImJvdHRvbSI6IjAiLCJsZWZ0IjoiMCIsImlzTGlua2VkIjpmYWxzZX0sIl9fZ2xvYmFsc19fIjp7InR5cG9ncmFwaHlfdHlwb2dyYXBoeSI6Imdsb2JhbHNcL3R5cG9ncmFwaHk\\\/aWQ9ZDA2ZjUwNyJ9fSwiZWxlbWVudHMiOltdLCJ3aWRnZXRUeXBlIjoidGV4dC1lZGl0b3IifQ==\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5643\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"4\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5643\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 4.How to handle emergency maintenance requests, and what is the typical response time? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5643\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-05bb81a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"05bb81a\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5644\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"5\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5644\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 5.What kind of after-sales support can Kete provide, including troubleshooting and maintenance services? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5644\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d9ad48 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"0d9ad48\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5645\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"6\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5645\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 6.Can Kete provide options for service contracts or extended warranty periods? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5645\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-fee700e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"fee700e\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5646\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"7\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5646\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 7.How should the oil in Kete oil-immersed transformers be inspected, maintained? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-5646\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-028283b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"028283b\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"2954e81","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<p>The insulating oil for oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers (referred to as \"transformer oil\") is a core medium ensuring the safe operation of transformers, with three major functions: insulation, cooling, and arc extinguishing. Deterioration in its performance may lead to insulation failure, overheating, or even explosions of transformers. Therefore, regular testing and scientific maintenance are crucial.<\/p><p><strong>\u2460Core Testing Items for Transformer Oil<\/strong><\/p><p>Testing of transformer oil should combine regular preventive tests and operational condition monitoring. Key items are as follows:<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Routine Physicochemical Property Testing (Basic Indicators):<\/strong> Appearance and Odor, moisture Content (Trace Water), kinematic Viscosity, acid Value<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Electrical Performance Testing (Key Safety Indicators):<\/strong> Breakdown Voltage, dielectric Loss Factor (tan\u03b4)<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Analysis of Dissolved Gases in Oil<\/strong><\/p><p>Principle: Internal faults in transformers (such as local overheating or arc discharge) generate characteristic gases (e.g., H\u2082, CH\u2084, C\u2082H\u2082, CO), which dissolve in the oil. The type of fault can be judged by detecting the composition and concentration of these gases.<\/p><p>Testing Frequency: Once after new installation or major repair; for operating transformers, once every 3 months for 330kV and above, and once every 6 months for 110kV-class.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Other Specialized Tests<\/strong><\/p><p>Antioxidant content: For oil added with T501 antioxidant, its content should be tested (usually maintained at 0.3%~0.5%) and supplemented if insufficient.<\/p><p>Sludge and sediment: Sludge may form in oil after long-term operation, affecting heat dissipation and insulation. It can be detected by centrifugation or filtration.<\/p><p><strong>\u2461Daily Maintenance Measures for Transformer Oil<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Oil Storage and Replenishment Management<\/strong><\/p><p>Oil Storage Requirements: Transformer oil should be stored in sealed dedicated oil tanks to avoid direct sunlight, moisture, and impurity contamination. New oil can only be used after passing inspection.<\/p><p>Oil Replenishment Principles: Before replenishment, confirm that the brand and performance indicators of new oil are consistent with operating oil (especially breakdown voltage and acid value). Avoid mixing different types of oil (e.g., mineral oil and synthetic oil).<\/p><p>During replenishment, use an oil filter to remove impurities and moisture. After replenishment, bleed air to prevent bubbles from affecting insulation.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Oil Purification Treatment<\/strong><\/p><p>When oil quality deteriorates but is not severely invalid, purification can be performed through the following methods:<\/p><p>Vacuum oil filtration: Removes moisture and mechanical impurities from the oil, suitable for cases where moisture exceeds the standard or breakdown voltage is slightly low.<\/p><p>Adsorption filtration: Uses adsorbents such as silica gel and activated alumina to remove acids, pigments, and sludge, reducing acid value and dielectric loss.<\/p><p>Regeneration treatment: For oil with excessively high acid value or severe oxidation, chemical regeneration methods (e.g., alkali washing) can be used to restore performance. However, the treatment process must be strictly controlled to avoid secondary pollution.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Auxiliary Maintenance of Transformer Body<\/strong><\/p><p>Breather maintenance: Silica gel in the breather should be inspected regularly. Replace it promptly when it becomes damp and discolored (from blue to red) to prevent moisture from entering the oil tank.<\/p><p>Seal inspection: Regularly check the sealing of oil tanks, valves, bushings, etc., to avoid oil leakage and water ingress (replace gaskets promptly if leakage is found).<\/p><p>Temperature control: Ensure the transformer cooling system (fans, oil pumps) operates normally to prevent excessive oil temperature from accelerating oil aging (top oil temperature should generally not exceed 85\u2103).<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Oil Change Cycle and Standards<\/strong><\/p><p>When multiple indicators of the oil seriously exceed the standard (e.g., breakdown voltage continues to be lower than the standard value, acid value &gt; 0.2mgKOH\/g, or a large amount of sludge is generated) and purification treatment fails to restore performance, an overall oil change is required.<\/p><p>During the oil change, old oil must be completely drained, the oil tank and components cleaned, and new oil injected. After circulating filtration and passing electrical tests, the transformer can be put into operation.<\/p><p><strong>\u2462Precautions<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Oil Sample Collection Specifications<\/strong><\/p><p>Special sampling tools (glass or stainless steel containers) must be used. Before sampling, rinse with the oil to be sampled at least 3 times.<\/p><p>Select sampling points at the bottom of the oil tank or oil drain valve (drain bottom sediment first). Avoid sampling on rainy days or when humidity &gt; 85%.<\/p><p>Label oil samples with equipment name, sampling time, temperature, etc., and send them to the laboratory for testing as soon as possible (storage time should not exceed 72 hours).<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Data Comparison and Analysis<\/strong><\/p><p>Test results should be compared with historical data and data from similar equipment. Focus on \"trend changes\" (e.g., sustained increase in acid value or gas concentration) rather than whether a single value meets the standard.<\/p><p><strong>\u00b7Safety Protection<\/strong><\/p><p>Transformer oil is flammable. Keep away from fire sources during testing and maintenance, and use explosion-proof tools.<\/p><p>Wash hands promptly after contact with oil samples, and avoid long-term skin contact (some additives may be irritating).<\/p><p>Through the above systematic testing and maintenance, the service life of transformer oil can be effectively extended, and the safe and stable operation of transformers can be guaranteed.<\/p>","_padding":{"unit":"px","top":"20","right":"0","bottom":"0","left":"0","isLinked":false},"__globals__":{"typography_typography":""},"typography_typography":"custom","typography_font_family":"Arial","typography_font_size":{"unit":"px","size":16,"sizes":[]},"typography_line_height":{"unit":"px","size":20,"sizes":[]},"paragraph_spacing":{"unit":"px","size":20,"sizes":[]}},"elements":[],"widgetType":"text-editor"}\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-400c4e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\\\" data-id=\\\"400c4e4\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"nested-accordion.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-n-accordion\\\" aria-label=\\\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-6710\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"1\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-6710\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 1.What is the manufacturing and delivery lead time for Kete oil-immersed transformers? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-6710\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-13a21e2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"13a21e2\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-6711\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"2\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-6711\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 2.What is the packaging for Kete oil-immersed amorphous alloy transformers? <\\\/div><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/summary>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-6711\\\" class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2e3ee1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\\\" data-id=\\\"b2e3ee1\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"43aca594a86d0bbe94de5159700c1e94\\\" data=\\\"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\\\"]\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/details>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<details id=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-6712\\\" class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<summary class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title\\\" data-accordion-index=\\\"3\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" aria-controls=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-6712\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\\\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\\\"> 3.What are the payment terms for Kete transformers? 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